LAB REPORT 2: Analyzing the Memory Study Data using One-Way ANOVA
If you recall, the memory study you participated in used a between-subjects design and required participants to view a set of 10 stimuli for 30 seconds total, then were distracted for 20 seconds, and then listed as many stimuli as they could from memory
DVs = Total number of stimuli remembered correctly
There were three different conditions in the study (i.e., three levels of the independent variable). Participants were randomly assigned to one of these three conditions:
1. Related Stimuli: The stimuli consisted of 10 words all related to the concept of sweets
2. Unrelated Stimuli: The stimuli consisted of 10 unrelated words.
3. Mixed Stimuli: The stimuli consisted of 5 words and 5 numbers
Research Question and Hypothesis:
Research on memory suggests that related concepts are linked together in our memory. As a result, we would expect participants to remember a greater number of the presented stimuli when those stimuli are conceptually related than when they are not.
RUN THE ANALYSIS:
Because this experiment used a between-subjects design with a categorical IV (memory task) with more than two levels (3 levels: related vs. unrelated vs. mixed), we need to use Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to analyze the results. Because participants differed in only one respect on the IV (i.e. the condition they were randomly assigned to), we will use a one-way ANOVA.
A. Go to Moodle and download the data file from this experiment: RM1_MemoryData.csv
B. Load the file into JASP, and go ahead and save this JASP file
C. Make sure the DV in the spreadsheet (TotalRemembered) and Age are being treated as continuous variables in JASP, and the rest are treated as categorical variables.
D. Click on the ANOVA tab and then on ANOVA
E. Now put the DV (number of words remembered) into the DV box, and the IV (memorycondition) into the Fixed Factors box.
F. Make sure you also get descriptive statistics and a measure of effect size. Click the “Additional Options” tab on the left below the above analysis boxes and click to add these. We will use eta squared (η2) for our effect size measure.
G. If your ANOVA was statistically significant (p < 0.05), then you need to conduct post hoc tests in order to find out specifically which conditions were significantly different from one another.
a. If the ANOVA was not significant, you need not conduct these tests. Click on the “Post Hoc Tests” tab, move “Condition” over to the box on the right, and click on your post hoc test of choice (I prefer the Bonferroni correction).
To prepare for the lab report, complete the following:
a. State the Null and Alternative Hypotheses:
H0:
HA:
b. What variable/s are you including in your analysis?
Independent Variable:
Dependent Variable:
d. What test should you use? (be specific!)
e. (After running the analysis, complete these next questions)
Please copy the information from your output:
f. Report your results below in APA style sentences. You only need to report the results of your post-hoc tests IF your overall ANOVA was statistically significant. HOWEVER, you still need to find a way to report all the descriptive information about your groups (i.e., means and standard deviations)
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