The operating system (OS) of an information system contains the software that executes the critical functions of the information system. The OS manages the computer’s memory, processes, and all of its software and hardware. It allows different programs to run simultaneously and access the computer’s memory, central processing unit, and storage.
The OS coordinates all of these activities and ensures that sufficient resources are allocated. These are the fundamental processes of the information system, and if they are violated by a security breach or exploited vulnerability, that could have a significant impact on the organization.
Security for operating systems means protecting the OS components from attacks that could cause deletion, modification, or destruction of the operating system. Threats to an OS could include a breach of confidential information, unauthorized modification of data, or unauthorized destruction of data.
It is the job of the cybersecurity engineer to understand the operations and vulnerabilities of the OS (for any type of OS), and to provide mitigation, remediation, and defense against threats that would expose those vulnerabilities or attack the OS.
As you assess your company’s systems, you will likely uncover gaps and errors. These may reveal mistakes that people at the company have made which might embarrass or anger those involved. However, the trust placed in you means that you have a responsibility to report your findings fully and accurately so that you can reduce or eliminate the risk of future unauthorized access. So be fair and follow industry standards, but have the courage to be a force for positive change in your company’s cybersecurity efforts.
There are six steps that will help you create your final deliverables. The deliverables for this project are as follows:
Security Assessment Report (SAR): This report should be a seven- to eight-page double-spaced Word document with citations in APA format. The page count does not include figures, diagrams, tables, or citations.
Nontechnical presentation: This is a set of eight to 10 PowerPoint slides for upper management that summarizes your thoughts regarding the findings in your SAR.
In a Word document, share your lab experience and provide screenshots to demonstrate that you performed the lab. The audience for your security assessment report (SAR) is the leadership of your company, which is made up of technical and nontechnical staff. Some of your audience will be unfamiliar with operating systems. Therefore, you will begin your report with a brief explanation of OS fundamentals and the types of information systems. After reviewing those resources, begin drafting the OS overview to do the following:
Explain the user’s role in an OS.
Explain the differences between kernel applications of the OS and the applications installed by an organization or user.
Describe the embedded OS.
Describe how the systems fit in the overall information system architecture, of which cloud computing is an emerging, distributed computing network architecture.
Include a brief definition of operating systems and information systems in your SAR.Based on what you gathered from the resources, compose the OS vulnerability section of the SAR. Be sure to:
explain Windows vulnerabilities and Linux vulnerabilities;
explain the Mac OS vulnerabilities, and vulnerabilities of mobile devices;
explain the motives and methods for intrusion of the MS and Linux operating systems;
explain the types of security awareness technologies, such as intrusion detection and intrusion prevention systems;
describe how and why different corporate and government systems are targets; and
describe different types of intrusions such as SQL PL/SQL, XML, and other injections.
You will provide the company’s leadership with a brief overview of these vulnerabilities in your SAR.
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