Hobbes’s description of the social contract in his book Leviathan (Pojman & Tramel pp.69-78) essentially says that, in order to ensure the safety and flourishing of everyone in society, we must each agree to lay down some of our rights to an authority of our own agreed-upon creation. In this way, we can spend our energies on other things, such as self-cultivation, trade, education, etc. This has been perhaps the most influential political theory in the last 400 years, and nearly all later democratic and constitutional forms have based themselves on it. The question is, does Hobbes provide an ethical theory, or only a political theory? Can we separate ethics and politics so easily? Should we? Or does Hobbes in fact provide both? Hobbes’s idea is a true example of an egoist theory, assess its success and/or failures.
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