I need an ethical, philosophical and law analyses for two stakeholders in the debate regarding euthenasia by patients suffering from late stage dementia
Introduction
As a doctor, you do not only have to deal with patients and fellow professionals in your work. More stakeholders play a role in contemporary medicine, such as the pharmaceutical industry, the Healthcare Inspectorate (IGZ), health insurers, the government, patient associations, etc. These stakeholders all have their own expectations of the doctor. As a doctor, you also have to deal with treatments and treatments about which expectations can differ and on which the parties have a different perspective. What are the important values of the stakeholders? Which legal principles play a role in their considerations? What vision do the stakeholders actually have on illness and health? And how do you deal with that as a doctor? These questions are central to the essay in the second year of the master’s degree, with the emphasis on reflection on the role and position of the physician within the social and scientific context. Ethical, legal and scientific-philosophical aspects are also discussed.
Learning goals
The student can
• look beyond the boundaries of the discipline and can assess the relevance of the social context
charting for acting as a doctor
• map and compare the visions from different perspectives
• reflect on the role of the doctor in the context of society and science
• find and appropriately use information that supports the essay
• write a well-structured and logically structured argument
Contents
The essay should have the character of an argumentative, informative discourse. So choose a topic that has always amazed you, that has a lot of opposing opinions and ideas, that has been covered in the media or that has undergone major development in recent years. Do not forget to clearly describe and reflect on the role of the doctor. Examples include topics such as: euthanasia, termination of pregnancy, early diagnosis, vaccination, expensive drugs, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), anti-depressants, reproductive technology, cochlear implant (CI), deep brain stimulation, etc.
Structure of the essay
Overall, the essay consists of an introduction, a description of the perspectives of stakeholders opposing each other, an analysis of ethical, legal and philosophical presuppositions in the position of all stakeholders, a discussion and a conclusion.
• Introduction
Stimulate the reader with an example from literature, the media or from practice. Describe the background and rationale for the topic. Make clear what the relevance is for you as a (future) doctor. Describe a clear goal or starting question.
• Stakeholders
In this section you describe the perspective of two stakeholders1 who are prominent in the debate on your chosen topic and who defend opposing(?) positions within it. Choose clear stakeholders, e.g. ‘government’ is very vague (because who is/are they then?) and give a short introduction of the stakeholder. In addition, make clear why you choose these stakeholders. What position do the stakeholders take and what arguments do they put forward? Base your description and argumentation of the stakeholders as much as possible on sources from the stakeholders themselves.
• Analysis
You analyze the position of both stakeholders based on three different perspectives:
– Ethical: Which values and norms play a role in the arguments of the stakeholders?
This can literally be called that by the stakeholder, but if the stakeholder
does not: which values and norms do you derive from the argumentation of the stakeholder?
– Legal: What legal principles do they refer to? How do they see the rights and obligations
of the doctor and the patient?
– Philosophical: Which view on health and disease is used (holistic?
mechanistic?) and what is the underlying vision of the role of the physician? Which philosophical theme plays a role in this debate? (Eg. manufacturability, urge to control, vision on health and disease, individualism, etc.). Do not just name philosophical movements here, but define them and use sources to substantiate them.
Make this part the core of your essay.
Tip: immerse yourself (eg via the internet) in the debate on your chosen topic, which often provides a lot of inspiration for the ethical, legal and philosophical analysis. Do not forget to mention the source!
• Discussion and conclusion
In this part you weigh up the positions (What are the strengths of both stakeholders? Which vision and argumentation are convincing? Why?) and you formulate your own position in the debate. Support your position with the aforementioned arguments from the analysis. Your conclusion should follow logically from the introduction and the analysis. Keep the basic question in mind for this. Please note: this is the first moment in the essay that your opinion is clearly stated
the stakeholders are a doctor who practiced euthenasia on a patient with demetnia vs the IGJ who sued her
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