What kind of individual differences between subjects might account for the observed differences in PiPR/sleep patterns?

How did researchers assess the timing of sleep in participants? How did sleep timing associated with the post-illumination pupillary response (PiPR)?
What kind of individual differences between subjects might account for the observed differences in PiPR/sleep patterns?
If you were conducting this study, what additional behavioral or physiological measure would you include to correlate with PiPR?
Describe an experiment (either in humans or in nonhuman animals) that would enable researchers to draw a causal link between melanopsin-stimulation and delayed sleep patterns.
Briefly describe the study as if you were explaining it to a friend, and provide advice based on the findings.

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