COLLAPSE
1. Why are some compounds called hydrates? List 3 different hydrated compounds.
Some compounds are called hydrates because those compounds are chemically united with water molecules. Three examples of different hydrate compounds are: gypsum (CaSO4⋅2H2O), borax (Na3B4O7⋅10H2O) and Epsom salts (MgSO4⋅7H2O).
2. What is the equation that will be used to determine the % water in the hydrate?
To determine the percent of the water in a hydrate theoretically, we can use the equation: formula weight of water (found on periodic table) divided by the formula weight of the total compound and multiplying that answer by 100 to get our percent.
3. What is the correct equation to use when determining % error?
To determine the percentage of error, we can use the following equation: theoretical value minus experimental value and divide that answer by the theoretical value. This as a math equation looks like this: theoretical value – experimental value
theoretical value
4. Explain the difference between the atomic number, mass number, and atomic mass.
Atomic mass is the average mass that looks at the different isotopes of the specific elemental atom and gets an average weight of the element is represents. That number is shown at the bottom of the element’s square on the periodic table. Atomic number is the number of protons an atom has which helps us determine what element the atom is. Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons added together in each atom. It also helps with determining the weight of the atom in amu is as well.
5. How can the atomic mass from the periodic table be used to determine the mass of water or Copper Sulfate?
To use the atomic mass from the periodic table to determine the mass of water or Copper Sulfate, we first need to determine how many of each atom that we have. Then we find that atoms square on the periodic table and take its weight from there and multiply by how many of each of that atoms we have. Once we have multiplied those, we then add them together in order to find the total mass of the compound. To find the mass of water in our compound from the first video (CuSO4 * 5H2O) we look to see what each elements’ atomic mass in on the periodic table. Oxygen has an atomic mass of 15.99 and Hydrogen is 1.008. We then see that we have 2 Hydrogen atoms so we multiply 1.008 by 2 since we have two of them to get 2.016 and add our single Oxygen atom to get 18.006 grams. But since we have 5 of them, we go a step further and multiply our total by 5 to get a final water mass of 90.03 grams/mole.
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