Describe what is being referred to in American Music before the 1900’s by the title “Gumbo.”

DIRECTIONS:
Watch the Video Documentary by Ken Burns entitled
“History of Jazz, Episode One: Gumbo.”
In your own words, using information gleaned from the video, write an original essay that follows the progression of events mentioned, responding to the following questions, a. through e.
Please write about (5) paragraphs or at most 300 to 400 words using a 1-2 Page Short Essay format
GUMBO
a.Roots: Describe what is being referred to in American Music before the 1900’s by the title “Gumbo.”
b. Civil War & Reconstruction: What did the State of Louisiana do in 1861 (18:30) the beginning of the Civil War? What was the period of “Union Occupation” following the Civil War called? What happened in 1877 (20:24) that ended this period?
c. Jim Crow: What is one of the steps the Louisiana Legislature took in 1890 to enforce the “Jim Crow” order? (31:50) Who was Homer Adolph Plessey and what did he do as a protest?
What ruling did the US Supreme Court make on this case in 1896?
d. Age of Segregation: How did the ruling of Plessey vs. Ferguson change American life and impact the working lives of musicians for the next 60 years?
e. Civil Rights Era: Name and describe some of the legal and social changes brought about during the age of Dr. Martin Luther King and Mahalia Jackson? How do you think these changes have impacted the working lives of musicians and music in America?

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