What are some critical limitations of Kantian ethics?

There are 2 questions, hence 1000 words each

5 journal/book references per answer. References based on websites, or any other materials beyond journal/books will be penalised.

Citing verbatin no more than 30 words.

Question 1 (50 marks)

“The Malaysian Government has announced that
it has returned 150 shipping containers of illegally imported plastic waste to
their countries of origin, including the UK. Some 3,737 tonnes of plastic waste
have been returned to mostly developed countries including the US, France and
the UK, after entering the country without permits. . . In the UK, the
Environment Agency (EA) received an official request from the Malaysian
authorities to repatriate 42 shipping containers of plastic waste on 5
September 2019. The Malaysian Government announced its intention to send back
the containers in May 2019, before a press release by the British High
Commission in Malaysia announced that the UK had accepted the repatriation
request in November 2019.” (Source: Cole, R. (2020, 21 January. Malaysia
returns 150 containers of illegal plastic waste to developed countries. https://resource.co/article/malaysia-returns-150-containers-illegal-plastic-waste-developed-countries )
Former chief economist of the World Bank,
Lawrence Summers, has suggested in a memo (December 1991) that, “The economic
logic behind dumping a load of toxic waste in the lowest-wage country is impeccable”.

Critically evaluate the moral issues raised
by Summers’ memo to determine whether you agree with him. Based on the
recycling plastic case in Malaysia, do you believe it is morally acceptable to
import plastic waste to Malaysia. Critically discuss.

Rubrics

Critical explanation of Summers’ three arguments (10 marks)

Criticize Summer’s arguments and make moral judgment (15 marks)

Pros and Cons to importing plastic waste (10 marks)

Moral judgement on importing plastic waste by student (15 marks)

Question 2 (50 marks)
Immanuel Kant believes that there is a
supreme principle of morality. Kant calls this supreme principle The Categorical
Imperative.
Critically examine the Categorical Imperative and
illustrate the application of the Categorical Imperative in moral
decision-making concerning promise keeping in the business context. What are
some critical limitations of Kantian ethics? Based on the illustration of
Kantian ethics on promise keeping and the critical limitations discussed, what
is your moral judgement on promise keeping in contractual obligations in the
business context in Malaysia.

Rubrics

Explaining Kantian Ethics and the categorical imperative (15 marks)

Apply Kantianism into Promise Keeping (15 marks)

Discuss the limitations of Kantian ethics (10 marks)

Student makes moral judgement on Promise Keeping regarding Contractual Obligations in Malaysia (10 marks)