Complete a simple lab in biology. You do not have to actually do the lab, as you can use resources or videos as refferences. There will be no photos required, only sentences and answers. There will be photos attached that give all of the directions. I will also paste the directions and what to submit here.
Plants use colored molecules (pigments) to collect light so that they can make food and to communicate with animals through their flowers and fruit. Many of the pigments can be removed from plant cells and dissolved in water or some other liquid. Many pigments that will not dissolve in water will dissolve in isopropanol, which is the main component of rubbing alcohol. This procedure can be used to extract pigments from plants, using water and isopropanol at the same time.
Follow these instructions and keep a written record of precisely what you do and do not do. The record should be detailed enough that someone else could perform the same procedure just using what you have written.
You will perform this procedure on each of your four specimens.
Chop up a handful of the leaves (or whatever you collected) into small pieces. The better you chop them up, the better this experiment works. Put them in a thick plastic bag (freezer bags work well) along with a teaspoon of salt. The salt will help to grind up the leaves, so that the plant cells break open and release their pigments.
Add some salt water mixture and some isopropanol to the bag. About an ounce of each will be fine–you don’t need to be too precise here. Stir the mixture, feel free to mash up the leaves some–the idea is to make the pigments dissolve.
Place a paper towel into one of the clear containers, and pour your mixture into the towel. You’ll need to be able to pick up the paper towel by its edges to let the liquid drip through into the container. The solid material will stay in the paper towel, leaving only the liquid in the container. (You’ll do this for all four specimens.)
Allow the contents of the containers to settle into layers.
Make a table, with your specimens listed across the top and the layers on the left. Fill in the colors you find for each specimen, and submit this table as part of your report.
specimen 1 specimen 2 specimen 3 specimen 4
isopropanol
water
For each plant type, where did you find more pigment, in the upper or lower layer of liquid? Or did you find different colors in each layer?
Water is denser than isopropanol, so the water layer will always be below the isopropanol layer if they are both in the same container. What does this tell you about the make-up of the pigments for each specimen?
All of the following should be submitted at one time–DO NOT submit partial reports, they will not be accepted.
Submit to your teacher a report of your procedure and the data you collected. Use paragraphs with complete sentences and proper English grammar.
Submit your data analysis to your teacher. Be sure that your analysis addresses the questions and directions listed in the instructions above. Remember to submit your table of layers, but also remember to use this information in your report. Also record any other conclusions you have reached. Use paragraphs with complete sentences and proper English grammar.
Part of the challenge of a lab is figuring out how best to organize your information and submit your findings. Remember this is a report, not just a listing of what happened.
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