What variables were manipulated (the independent variables) and which were measured (the dependent variables)?

Start by reading the science news item (Article – Inexpensive, accessible device provides visual proof that masks block droplets),
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/08/200811152916.htm.
then watching the summary video, shown below. It may also help to also read the primary source, authored by the scientists who conducted the research.

Summarize the study in your own words.
What was the question(s) asked or hypothes(es) tested?
What type of study is presented (e.g., a survey or observational study, or results from an experiment)?
What were the subjects of the study (e.g., cells? Rats? humans? Masks?) and how many were there (i.e., sample size)?
What variables were manipulated (the independent variables) and which were measured (the dependent variables)?
If any, what were the controls used?
Do you think the conclusions of the source are well supported? Why or why not? For example, do any of the features (e.g., low sample size, tested subjects were only cursorily related to conclusions) the study or news item reduce your confidence in the authors’ conclusions?

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