And in what manners have such movements been impacted by more recent 21st-century developments?

Maddy-Weitzman writes that the “Berber-Amazigh identity movement has emerged in recent decades in North African states, demanding official recognition of linguistic and cultural rights and challenging the hegemonic narrative of history propagated by ruling elites who advocate the full Arabization of society and the reduction of [Amazigh] culture to folklore status” (2012: 109). Looking at Maddy-Weitzman (2012), Kohl (2014), and Errihani (2008), outline the various Amazigh populations in North Africa, and the role that various Amazigh languages and other groups have played in the movement(s) that Maddy-Weitzman mentions. What is its relation to Arabization? Colonialism? And in what manners have such movements been impacted by more recent 21st-century developments?

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