Your audience analysis needs to be as specific as you make it, and it needs to be about an oppositional audience (an audience that disagrees with your position—at least to an extent). Questions to ask yourself and then explore in your Audience Analysis include the following from below.
You should answer these in paragraph form.
Organizational note: You might find it easiest to put the answers to questions 1-4 into one
paragraph, the answers to questions 5-7 in another paragraph, and then devote an entire
paragraph to questions 8-10 alone.
OR
You can include the answers to 8-10 as part of each of your previous paragraphs, but do not
forget to answer them!
1. What is your claim? Provide it in full sentence form here. CLAIM = A vaccine can provide better immunity than an actual infection.
2. Who is your audience? Provide a description. You can include a name if you will write to a single
person or the name of a specific group. Remember, you may NOT write to the “general public”
and even groups such as “scientists” can be narrowed down. The narrower your audience, the
easier it will be to write your argument. You can also include age range, occupation, political
stance, experience with the issue, etc., as long as it is pertinent information.
3. Why are your audience members interested in this issue? Why is it important that you write to
them?
4. What do your audience members already know about the issue? You should consider what they
think is true, accurate or correct about the issue as well as what they might think is false or
inaccurate about the issue. What will you need to tell them that they don’t already know?
5. What are your audience members’ values concerning the issue? That is, what do they value or
what do they think is important about the issue? Or what things are important to them that the
issue might affect?
6. What do the audience members have at stake in the issue? That is, how does the issue affect
them specifically as people or what could they lose/gain from the issue or its outcome?
7. What, if anything, can your audience members do about the issue or its outcome?
8. What does your audience expect from an argument like the one you’re going to write?
9. What specific choices will you need to make in your argument in order to meet your audience’s
expectations and work with rather than against their values, beliefs, and expectations?
10. What organizational pattern will you use to organize your argument in a way that works with your
audience’s needs and expectations? Consult page 136 of our textbook for the classical argument
structure that you can use or modify accordingly.
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