Best Writer

.Reflect on everything that we have learnt so far in class and consider the different ways
that humans interact with the physical environment, whether in terms of contending with
its processes (e.g. volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, landslides, etc.) or in
terms of changing its landscapes (e.g. mountains, rivers, glaciers, oceans, coastlines,
etc.)
Write a 600- to 700-word reflection piece on what you believe to be the most
fascinating interaction between humans and the physical environment. Why is it so
interesting to you? What lessons can we learn from these human-environment
interactions? Try to refer to specific examples that have been discussed within the
lecture recordings.

Your paper must be formatted in APA style, and any sources you refer to must be cited in-text appropriately, and included in a References list after the end of your paper. The body of your paper (not including the References list) should be approximately 4 to 6 pages long (12-point Times New Roman font, double-spaced). Focus on responding to each point thoughtfully and fully (devoting at least one paragraph to each of the points/questions in each section below), and if you do that the length of the paper should take care of itself.

Section 1: The Nature of the Mind and Human Freedom
In the first section of your paper, address the following:
1. A common typology of mental processes throughout Western history has been to distinguish between 1) cognition (including perception and thinking), 2) affect (feelings/emotions), and 3) motivation (including appetites, drives, desires, and will).
a. What do you think of this three-category scheme? How do you understand what is meant by each of these terms (i.e., what do the terms cognition, affect, and motivation mean to you as a student of psychology)? Do you agree that each term refers to a kind of mental state/process that is clearly different from what each of the other terms refers to? Are these the only types of mental processes – do all specific mental states/processes fit into these categories or reflect some combination of them, or do you think something is missing?
b. Which types of mental processes do you personally find most important and/or interesting? What makes those processes seem especially important to you? Discuss at least one example where you see that type of process having an important real-world impact.

2. As we have seen, the two most common metaphysical perspectives on the nature of the mind in the history of Western thought have been dualist perspectives (which say mind/mental is different from body/physical in some fairly fundamental way) and materialist perspectives (which say the mind can be completely explained in physical terms, e.g., what we call “the mind” either is the brain itself, or something the brain does).
a. Do your own personal views lean more towards dualism, or more towards materialism? What do you see as the main “pros” and “cons” of each broad perspective?
i. If you are more of a dualist: How would you respond to the problem of explaining mind-body or mental-physical interactions (i.e., how can mind and body influence one another; how can mental events and physical events cause one another)?
ii. If you are more of a materialist: How would you respond to the problem of explaining how consciousness exists (i.e., how does an “inner life” emerge out of the
PSY409: History & Modern Systems of Psychology
Reflection Paper Assignment 2 Views of the Psyche in the History of Psychology
physical structures of the nervous system; why are we conscious beings instead of unconscious biological machines/zombies)?
a. Which of the many specific “takes” on mind-body issues that we discussed in class (including views other than dualisms or materialisms) struck you as being most correct/closest to the truth of the matter? What makes you find that perspective especially compelling?

3. Over the course of Western intellectual history, psychologists have come to hold increasingly deterministic views of behavior (which say that all human actions result from cause-and-effect processes). Determinism is usually understood to imply that we don’t have free will – if all our actions are the effects of prior causes, then we could not have behaved differently in the past (either something about us or something about the situation would need to have been different in order for us to have acted differently – but given who we were and the circumstances we were in, what we actually did was the only possible thing we could have done).

a. To what extent do you agree with this kind of deterministic view of human behavior – is it true that everything we do is determined by cause and effect?
i. If you tend to agree, give at least two examples that seem to show that our behavior is causally determined. For each example, be as clear as possible in explaining the cause-and-effect processes leading to a behavior. After explaining your examples, discuss whether evidence like this conclusively proves that all behavior is produced via cause-and-effect processes.
ii. If you tend to disagree, give at least two examples that seem to show that our behavior is not causally determined, or that at least some of our behavior results from free choices. For each example, after explaining why you think it reflects free choice or independence from strict cause and effect, also give a determinist interpretation of the example (i.e., how would you explain each example in terms of cause-and-effect processes?).

b. A view that became somewhat popular during the Enlightenment (held by David Hume and John Stuart Mill, among other thinkers) was that an action can be considered “free” if it is caused by the actor’s desires (e.g., if I go see a movie as a result of wanting to see that movie, then I have acted freely). This is a compatibilist view, because it defines freedom in a way that is compatible with determinism – on this view, all behaviors are determined by causes, and even when we act “freely” on the basis of our desires, our actions are still part of a larger chain of causes and effects (since our desires also have causes).
i. To what extent do you agree with this definition of free action? Does “doing what you want” (i.e., acting on the basis of your desires) seem like a reasonable take on what it means to act freely?
1. If you tend to agree – can you think of a counterexample (i.e., a case where a person seems to have acted based on a desire, but you would not say the person has acted freely)? Would you add or change anything to this definition of freedom to make it work better in response to the counterexample?
1. If you tend to disagree – explain why you don’t think this is a good definition of what it means to act freely. What does it get wrong? Is anything missing? What seems like a better definition to you?
i. Are you at all troubled by the implication of this perspective that even when we feel most free, we are still “in the grip” of cause-and-effect processes?

Section 2: “Mind-Less” Approaches to Psychology
For the second section of your paper, read B. F. Skinner’s 1956 “Critique of Psychoanalytic Concepts and Theories” (attached to the assignment page on Moodle). Then, address the following:

1. What are the main points on which Skinner agrees with Freud or acknowledges that Freud had an important insight? What are the main points on which he criticizes or disagrees with Freud’s perspective?

2. Starting on pg. 79, Skinner discusses how Freud drew on a “traditional pattern” of thinking about the causes of human behavior. Explain in your own words what this “traditional pattern” is. Skinner also outlines an alternative view “which would have had no quarrel with established science.” Explain in your own words what Skinner’s alternative view is.

3. To what extent do you personally agree with Skinner’s views? Many of his criticisms are equally applicable to all “mentalistic” psychology, not just Freudian psychoanalysis – so consider his views in that light; Skinner believed that the same problems he identified with Freudian psychology exist to pretty much the same degree in any approach to psychology that relies on mental concepts.

My short story: The Kind of Light that Shines on Texas
By: Reginald McKnight

Directions (Read Carefully):
Use Times New Roman Font or Arial size 12
1300 word minimum (not including the Works Cited page, which is separate)
Include a title (the title should not just be the title of the story)
Possible headings in size 12 font bold for each of the five “parts” below (this is not part of the 1300 word min. though) to make it easier to read
Use MLA Style with four or more quotes from The Kind of Light that Shines on Texas (additional sources must be cited both in text and in the Works Cited).
With quotes, make sure that you have a signal phrase and that you don’t have ‘hanging or floating quotes.’ The page number is in parentheses, and the period follows.
A good example of using quotes in literature: When he hears Cordelia’s answer, Lear seems surprised, but not dumbfounded. He advises her to “mend [her] speech a little” (Leavitt 273).
Lear often appears critical of his daughter: “Lear looked at his daughter with an expression of fury” (222).

Quote within a quote: Neil sighs, “‘It comes with the territory'” (Leavitt 350).

Incorrect: Hanging or floating quote:”Lear looked at his daughter with an expression of fury” (222).

Use present tense to describe the action in the story.

You need not answer all the questions below, but the essay must be organized in the following manner:
Part One: The Plot (1-2 paragraphs) title of story in quotations and author’s name and year written
Part Two: Setting, Tone (Atmosphere, Mood), Point of View (3 paragraphs min.)
Examine the setting, and tone.
Is the setting significant to the meaning?
What is the tone of the story? Does it change?
Who narrates the story (POV)? Is the narrator reliable? What would be
gained or lost if the story was told from another point of view?

Part Three: ANALYZE Characters (1 page min.)
Who is the main character? Does this person change? What sort of a
person is he/she? Is this character sympathetic? What other
characters are important? Motives? Do you personally identify with any of the
characters? How and why? This is not plot again–analyze, analyze, analyze

Part Four: Symbolism, Images, Irony (1 page min.)
Identify and interpret symbols in the story. Is anything about the story
ironic? What images (description) are most vivid?

Part Five: Theme and Meaning (1 paragraph min.)
How does the title relate to the other elements in the story and to the
overall meaning?
What is the theme of this story? How did you come to this
conclusion?

Works Cited Page (not included as part of the 1500 word min.)
The Words Cited minimally must include your story (see instructions below)
For other works, such as websites, consult your textbook (see the MLA part) or use easybib.com (make sure you are using MLA style)
GRADING
MLA Works Cited page, done correctly MLA style 5%
MLA In-Text Quotes (at least 4, correctly done MLA style) 10%
Story Analysis (all 5 parts covered) 50%
Writing Style: clear, few errors 30%
Followed assigned directions 5%
Citation Directions: A Work in an Anthology, Reference, or Collection
In Text: (Banks 6).
General Format for Canvas Page:

Lastname, Firstname. Title of the handout or “book chapter.” Title of the Website (container), URL.

For Example:

Carver, Raymond. “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love.” SJECCD. Instructure.com, https://sjeccd.instructure.com/courses/35816/pages/popular-mechanics-by-raymond-carver?module_item_id=2252436

Works Cited: Works may include an essay in an edited collection or anthology, or a chapter of a book. The basic form is for this sort of citation is as

PLEASE FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTION. THANKS

How did animal-assisted therapy become prominent in healthcare? How is it used in physical and cognitive therapy?

For all DQs: Please abide by APA 7th edition format in your writing. Answers should be 2-3 Paragraphs made up of 3-4 sentences each, at least 250 words (more or less) in length.

AND, please use your assigned textbook as, at least,

one reference, or 10 points will be deducted.

TEXTBOOK INFO
Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Nursing Practice (5th Edition)
ISBN-13:9780133346503
ISBN-10:0133346501
Author:Karen Lee Fontaine RN MSN
Edition: 5
Publisher: Pearson Education, Inc
Published: 2019

Choose 3 images to discuss for the week, and in one to two sentences, explain why you chose these images. Was it a personal connection? Did you like something in particular? Or Did you just simply choose them because you felt like it?

For your three chosen images, provide a visual analysis (2-5 sentences). Describe what you see. Think about shape, material, color, pigment (if it has any), and texture. Is it an object? A sculpture? A painting. Observe the image, and simply just describe what you see.

Then list 3-5 facts about the image. Situate it in its historical context and tell me something we won’t know just by looking at it. Consider questions like who made it? Why was it made? What does it represent? What was its function? What’s the connection between the artist and the object?

link 1 (Seated Buddha) :https://smarthistory.org/seated-buddha/
link 2 (The Stupa): https://smarthistory.org/the-stupa/
link 3 (Four Buddhas) : https://smarthistory.org/four-buddhas-at-the-american-museum-of-natural-history/

Awareness of magnetic healing is gaining credibility in the United States and is being applied by increasing numbers of conventional as well as alternative health care practitioners as an adjunct therapy” Fontaine, 2019).

How would you increase awareness in you patients on magnetic healing and teach them the benefits of this type of therapy?

For all DQs: Please abide by APA 7th edition format in your writing. Answers should be 2-3 Paragraphs made up of 3-4 sentences each, at least 250 words (more or less) in length.

AND, please use your assigned textbook as, at least,

one reference, or 10 points will be deducted.

TEXTBOOK INFO
Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Nursing Practice (5th Edition)
ISBN-13:9780133346503
ISBN-10:0133346501
Author:Karen Lee Fontaine RN MSN
Edition: 5
Publisher: Pearson Education, Inc
Published: 2019

Identify the variables measured in the study
For each variable identify whether it is a quantitative or a qualitative variable
Describe any likely source of random or systematic errors in the measurements
Do you think that the reported measurements are accurate?
For Q4 briefly tell Why or Why not?

Reseach paper on the stigma of mental health. There is no specific outline or instruction. As long as it discuss infomation about mental health stigma, struggles and possible solutions.

Further Instructions are given on docs

For the “Letter to the CEO” paper, I would like you to select a topic of your choice (related to international business). This can be an event, a company, a person, a strategy that a firm is pursuing, a government policy, a corporate policy, etc. I do not want a “book report” where you summarize a topic and spit it back on paper. Select a topic that you can analyze and draw a solution or a recommendation or an alternative strategy based on research and data analysis (hence the name, “letter to the CEO” where you are offering someone a solution, a recommendation, etc.).
Again, I do not want a “book report” where you simply summarize or recap an issue. I want to see critical and analytical thinking and depth of research and analysis that leads to a solution, a recommendation and alternative strategy or support for a strategy similar to my Paraguay example.
Per the above example, “should we establish a market presence in Paraguay”, the following would constitute an acceptable response that goes beyond conjecture. This is the type of analysis I am looking for.
Yes, we should enter Paraguay based on my research and analysis.
• According to the U.N. World Index, Paraguay has grown by an average of 5% over the last 10 years
• Based on my research, Paraguay is a stable democracy. The political freedom index ranks 6th highest according to the U.N. Forum for Democracy
• According to…Paraguay’s GDP per capital has increased by 4% over the last 10 years
• Culturally, Paraguay is compatible with our culture. Their tastes, preferences and life-style preferences are similar to ours based on Hofstede’s six cultural constructs
• Our products have done will in neighboring Uruguay and Argentina, two countries which based on the “Smith Country Comparison”, are similar to Paraguay based on the consumption of non-durable goods.
• According to the WTO, Paraguay has preferential import laws based on the following goods…
• According to WIPO, Paraguay protects patents and trademarks based on European law
You get the point! Your boss will want to see that you analyzed an issue critically and analytically instead of offering guesswork and conjecture. Your boss will want to see that you base your decision on specific research and analysis.
Again, select a topic that is of interest to you. Select a topic where there is room to offer a solution, alternative strategy, specific remedy or recommendation to a pain point, etc. Perhaps you wish to select a topic related to your major. Find a topic that you can weigh in on, for purposes of this paper and for purposes of either offering a solution, drawing a conclusion, or making a recommendation. Select a real-world topic, issue or challenge facing a firm. Structure your paper:
1) The opening (a recap of the topic you selected. What is the issue you are examining? What conclusion did you come to?
2) The body (your supporting research, evidence, and data)
3) The conclusion (your recommendation, solution, conclusion or answer to the issues/challenges, etc.).
Include a cover page and a works cited page. Include your name, class number, section number and date on the cover page. No conjecture! No Book Reports!
Two pages, single-spaced. Use APA or MLP format. Please visit the library if you do not know what APA or MLP styling is. Any diagrams, charts, and graphs are separate from the two pages (as is the cover page and works cited page). I am not a stickler for formatting (APA and MLP), but you must cite your research properly, and the paper must be well organized and well written.
A successful paper will show me that the student engaged in meaningful research. A successful paper will show me that the student analyzed the issue and was able to develop a solution, draw a conclusion or make a recommendation based on analysis of data. A successful paper includes proper grammar, spelling and syntax. Put yourself in my shoes. It is easy to see if a student “winged it” or actually put some time and effort into the paper. Put your “business hat” on and make a decision, draw a conclusion, develop a solution based on research and analysis. Absolutely no plagiarism.
Rubric
Depth of Research 30% (The student spent a solid amount of time researching the topic as opposed to spending a few minutes “googling” the topic. The student’s sources are legitimate as opposed to a cursory internet search).
Level of research and analysis of data 50% (The student analyzed the data and the research and was able to draw a conclusion or offer a recommendation or offer a solution based on his/her research and analysis)
Organization and quality of writing 20% (well written with no grammatical or spelling errors. Students structured the paper per the instructions)

describe the structure of organization, professional, practice, module in place, practice module work well with organization, structure and evidence base practice, integrated into the practice module