R Studio

Introduction to Economic and Business Statistics
ECON. 3400
Project
– Due date: May 2nd, 11:59 PM (late submission is not allowed)
– Submit via Blackboard a zip file that contains both your R script and your dataset
– Use annotations to explain your topic, research question, variables, conclusions, and results on your R script (use # for annotations).
– You need to ensure that your codes work when I run them.
Topic:
– Find a topic of your interest, and a research question related to that topic.
Variables and dataset:
– You must have one dependent variable, one independent variable of interest, and at least two controls.
– Based on your research question, find a dependent variable (DV) and an independent variable (IV) of interest. You are interested to see the correlation between your DV and your IV of interest. Your dependent and independent variables of interest MUST be quantitative (or ordinal with at least five levels).
– Choose at least two more independent variables (controls). One of these controls MUST be binary (dummy).
– Build a dataset of these variables that has at least 50 observations. I choose 50 because it is the number of states in the US.
Your R-script must have these sections:
1- Introduction (25%)
– Explain your topic.
– Explain your research questions.
– Discuss your dependent variable and independent variable of interest. Why do you expect that they are correlated?
– Review your controls
– Discuss the sources of the data
2- Descriptive analysis (25%)
– Use tables, charts, and figures to discuss and examine your variables.
3- Analysis (40%)
3-1- Simple linear regression
– Run a simple linear regression model that includes your DV and IV of interest.
– Discuss the results of the regression
– A scatterplot of your DV and IV of interest + linear regression line
– Write the prediction function and check what your DV is if your IV = 0. What does this number mean? Is this equal to the intercept in the model? Explain why.
3-2- Multiple linear regression
– Run a multiple linear regression model that includes all of your variables.
– Discuss the results of the regression
– Write the prediction function. Choose two consecutive integers (for instance, 100 and 101), and calculate your DV if your IV of interest is those two numbers. You can choose any numbers for your controls. What is the difference between the values you calculated for the DV? Is this equal to the coefficient of the independent variable of interest? Explain why.
4- Conclusion (10%)
– Compare the results of your simple regression and multiple regression. Did the coefficient for the independent variable of interest change? Why?
– Discuss the answers you found for your research question.

Medieval Medicine in the Middle Ages

THE ASSIGNMENT NEEDS TO CONTAIN:
A written report that answers the who, what, where, when, why and how of Medieval Medicine. These questions are:
Who was Hippocrates?
What was medieval surgery?
Why was apothecary important in the Middle Ages?
How did mediaeval medicine impact today’s medicine, pharmacies and surgery?
(Do you think you could come up with a when the question for Medieval Medicine and answer it)
(Do you think you could come up with a where the question for Medieval Medicine and answer it)

REQUIREMENTS:
Each question must be answered with a paragraph
500 words minimum
At least 20 sources
Must have in-text citations (Harvard) after every sentence, whether paraphrased or not
Must have a bibliography in Harvard Style
Must be a great use of historical terms (must be relevant though)
Should be concise but comprehensive
Paragraphs must be in TEXAS style:
Topic
Explanation
eXample – (Quote would be preferred)
Analysis
Summary
A rubric is attached to show and explain what the teacher is looking for.
Please meet the standards of Excellent for all boxes (will be highlighted in light green)

Close Read Paper based upon discussion Post

In “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl” by Harriet A. Jacobs, I noticed she went through a lot of instances that seemed to cause fear or she described fearful situations. At the beginning of the novel Linda (Harriet) describes how at an early age she unexpectedly lost her father, the loss of her mother at age 6 and how her grandmother was sold, but then granted freedom, which was one of the better things that happened. During the first few chapters it was more of an introduction to the earlier stages of Linda’s life and what happened in her earlier years. I believe a common theme that will be traced throughout the rest of the novel will be that of the sorrow’s women had to deal with rather than men often times. For example, in chapter 3 she describes a scene where a mother is dealing with all her children being taken from her and sold into the slave life, “She knew some of them would be taken from her; but they took all. The children were sold to a slave-trader and the mother was bought by a man in her own town.” To me this shows that this was a common problem that many slave women had to deal with, the constant fear of your children being stripped from you or having daughters where the same fate may occur to them and continue the dreadful cycle. Linda was using her own situation as an example of what young women had to go through in terms of how their masters often times viewed them as sexual objects or were pursuing them, but still treating them like they were less than them. In my opinion I feel as if the fact that Linda was able to pause her personal
narrative to address the conditions of slavery/ slaves and giving us insight on the reasons why they didn’t all try to escape or go against their masters because it was dangerous showed how much of a knowledgeable and self-less person she was. This information she provided about how slaveholders would lie to slaves about the free states or feed them false information because they knew most times the slaves were undereducated and couldn’t find it to be true or false. Basically, instilling fear in the slaves as a defense mechanism to keep them “trapped”/enslaved.

Child should wait for the bus on his property and only go to the street once the bus made a full stop.

Behavior: Child should wait for the bus on his property and only go to the street once the bus made a full stop.

Address each of the points listed in there.
1. Implementing Stimulus Control
2. Implementing the complex behavior change
3. Implementing Operant Contingencies
4 Implementing Shaping new behaviors
5 Implementing Using prompts to facilitate learning
6 Implementing Behavior Generalization
7. implementing Behavior Maintenance

Please give 4-5 profeesional sentences for each of these methods of how to use them for
Behavior: How to help a student sit in his seat and look at his teacher or in his book

Thomas Jefferson Christianity and

The Bibliography must begin with a one-paragraph (5-6 sentence) overview of the
project that summarizes the topic, research methodology, and operating thesis.
The Annotated Bibliography must include at least 10 sources – including primary sources,
scholarly sources, and resources from Jerry Falwell Library databases.
Its important this website is used: https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.liberty.edu/
Sources must include material from JSTOR and, where applicable, America’s Historical Imprints and Sabin
Americana. Sources must be listed in the appropriate Turabian format.

Each annotation must be a minimum of 200 words in length. For each entry, you will describe
the source, estimate its strengths and weaknesses, show the value of the source for this research
project with is about Thomas Jefferson and Christianity.

CALORIMETRY AND HESS’S LAW: FINDING ΔHrxn FOR THE COMBUSTION OF MAGNESIUM

I. Introduction
1. How is heat formation and transfer studied in chemical processes? Briefly explain in terms of the regions (system and surrounding) of interest and heat energy flow (exothermic/endothermic).
2. What is enthalpy? What is needed in order to calculate the enthalpy of a chemical reaction? How is it calculated?
3. What is specific heat? Briefly explain its application in heat transfer.
4. What were the main objectives of the experiment? Why were calorimetry and Hess’s law used in achieving the experimental objective?
5. How was the enthalpy of reaction determined using a calorimeter? What is a calorimeter constant?
6. What is Hess’s law? Why is it useful in this experiment?
7. What were the chemical and procedural hazards in this experiment and the safety precautions observed to avoid the risk of these hazards?

II. Results Analysis

A. Data and Calculations
You may summarize the observations/answers and equations in the datasheet or include them as part of the Discussion section.

B. Discussion

Part IHeat Capacity of the Cup Calorimeter
1. What is a calorimeter?
2. Why is it necessary to determine the heat capacity of the calorimeter in this experiment? Where is it important? Briefly explain.
3. How is the heat capacity of the calorimeter determined? Explain briefly with emphasis on some techniques to achieve accuracy of results.
4. Using the graph, what happened to the temperature of the cold water after adding the hot water? Briefly explain in terms of the heat released or absorbed.
5. What was the heat capacity of the calorimeter? How was this calculated? Show all work.
Part II Determination of the Heat of Reaction of Mg in HCl
1. What reaction was tested in this portion of the experiment? Briefly explain the procedure.
2. Using the graph, what happened to the temperature of 1 M HCl after adding the Mg ribbon? Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
3. What was the enthalpy of the reaction? How was this calculated? Show all work with balanced thermochemical equation.
Part III Determination of the Heat of Reaction of MgO in HCl
1. What reaction was tested in this portion of the experiment? Briefly explain the procedure.
2. Why is it important to thoroughly clean the calorimeter between tests?
3. Why is it important to stir the solution continuously?
4. Using the graph, what happened to the temperature of 1 M HCl after adding the MgO? Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?
5. What was the enthalpy of the reaction? How was this calculated? Show all work with balanced thermochemical equation.

PART IV Determination of the Enthalpy of Combustion of Mg Using Hess’s Law
1. Using the information from Parts II and III and in conjunction with the Hess’s Law, what is the enthalpy for the combustion of one mole of magnesium in oxygen? Show all work with balanced thermochemical equation.
2. What is the theoretical enthalpy of this reaction? What was your percent error? Briefly explain the accuracy of your results (and/or possible causes of error, if applicable) based on the percent error.
III. Conclusions

1. What lab technique was used in collecting experimental data and how was Hess Law used to manipulate those data to achieve the experimental goal?
2. What reactions were studied in this experiment? Briefly summarize the results.
3. What does the enthalpy of a reaction indicate about each reaction in Part B and C, and the final reaction?
4. Based on your results and calculated percent error, what can you infer from the possibility of using calorimetry and Hess’ Law in determining the enthalpy of a highly exothermic reaction?
5. How were accuracy and precision achieved in this experiment? How could they be improved in the future?
6. What is the application of calorimetry and Hess’s Law in the study of matter? Give an example of a practical application.

Write a book review of Douglas Rushkoff, Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus, and be sure to evaluate his concrete recommendations for how we could reprogram our economic operating system.

first part write 1000 words
Write a book review of Douglas Rushkoff, Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus, and be sure to evaluate his concrete recommendations for how we could reprogram our economic operating system. Does the example of Fairphone demonstrate how a better way of doing business is possible? (For more information, please watch: or What concrete ethical steps would be the best ways to shrink the inequality gap between rich and poor? (Please discuss this point with reference to the visual illustration, “Wealth shown to scale”: .)

second part 1000 word
Write an essay responding to the ideas in Charles Camosy’s article, “The Next Big Picture in Bioethics”: . Evaluate in detail how well the seven principles of Camosy’s “Consistent Life Ethic” (CLE) from his book Resisting Throwaway Culture are applied by him to the ethical issues he discusses in his article. (For more information, please watch: or

Communication Plan/Project Management

Please see attachments
5 stakeholders (manager, nurse, nurse manager, IT expert, hospital executives/leadership)
Assessment Description
The purpose of this assignment is to create a communication plan for stakeholders. This communication plan is in relation to the case study/charter attached.

1. Complete the “Communication Plan Template.”
This assignment requires two or three scholarly resources.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines.

2.Prepare Part 2 of the template according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide.

Development of Personal Electro-mechanical Mobility (P.E.M.)

Select a technological, economic or social event, trend or issue relating to the development of Personal Electro-mechanical Mobility (P.E.M.) that you find interesting. The issue should be a contemporary (current) trend or issue that you expect will have a long-lasting impact on personal mobility.
Use your critical thinking skills to plan, research and write a brief critical analysis of your topic. Your objective is to demonstrate how your topic will have a long-lasting effect on the automotive industry.
Many people choose topics that are far too broad to be useful. For example, “How Important Are Electric Cars?” is too broad to be a useful topic of discussion. Narrow your topic into something specific that can be easily researched.
Describe how human personal mobility (broadly, perhaps globally) is influenced by the trend or issue you are writing about in this assignment.

There are many topics that can be included in this assignment. You may want to discuss your topic with the instructor before you begin research. However, don’t expect the Instructor to come up with your topic for you. It is not necessary to contact the Instructor about your topic in this assignment prior to beginning your research.

DO NOT research or report on a current vehicle assembler or vehicle manufacturing company. DO NOT write about the newest product, device or brand. Finally, DO NOT write about the newest automobile model introductions. Consider this assignment to be research into social science and contemporary automotive concerns. DO NOT write about the latest gadgets or driver aid systems.
This assignment is to be completed individually by each course participant.

Write 7-9 pages that compare different models of supply and demand, as well as analyze how legislation and reimbursement methods impact supply and demand for health care.

Write 7-9 pages that compare different models of supply and demand, as well as analyze how legislation and reimbursement methods impact supply and demand for health care.
As we take a closer look at the demand side of economics, we will consider how need versus demand is different and how this impacts planning and policy in the health care environment. Demand is typically initiated by the patient; however, provider involvement significantly impacts demand. Since the patient is dependent on the provider for expertise and medical opinion, there is a risk that demand will be increased. This is unique to the health care industry since consumers are not typically as dependent on the supplier of a service in other industries when making a purchase.
Another important driver of demand is the insurance company. Patients initiate the health care service but are not responsible to pay the bill—and this has the potential to skew the demand curve. This is one of the ideas behind high-deductible health care and the effort to control the consumption of services by making the patient responsible for a higher percentage of the overall bill. Finally, you will be offered an opportunity to think about the implications of free medical care and how that may impact the demand for health care services.
Like the demand curve, the health care field presents unique and interesting challenges to the supply of health care. You will be introduced to the concept of economic efficiency and the impact of inefficiencies on cost. The production function will be further explored, which is the relationship between the output of a product or service compared to the resources used to produce it (Feldstein, 2012). Competition, market structure, market performance, and public policies as they relate to the supply of health care services will be discussed as well.
The evolution of health care insurance has impact aspects health care economics such as price competition, medical loss ratios, and risk. As you prepare to complete the assessment consider the role that copays, coinsurance, and deductibles play on the demand curve and reflect on your opinions related to the effectiveness of high-deductible health plans in controlling the demand of health care services.
Reference
Feldstein, P. J. (2012). Health care economics (7th ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze historical perspectives and current trends in the health care industry.
Explain current legislative trends that influence the supply and demand of health care.
Competency 2: Assess the United States health care system from an economic perspective.
Compare and contrast the demand of health care services with the demand of an automobile.
Compare and contrast the supply of health care services with the supply of an automobile.
Competency 3: Analyze the evolving economic reimbursement trends, methods, and technology.
Analyze reimbursement methods that influence the supply and demand of health care services.
Competency 5: Communicate in a manner that is scholarly, professional, and respectful of the diversity, dignity, and integrity of others and is consistent with expectations for health care professionals.
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and references.
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
Context
The basic economic laws of supply and demand do not work the same way in the health care industry as they do in other industries. A few of the contributing issues include: demand cannot be restricted to only those with an ability to pay since health care is considered a basic human right (need versus demand), demand is increased due to a third party (insurance or government) that pays for the service, and our supply is limited based on a highly skilled human resource variable (physicians).
In this assessment, you will consider these contributing issues and others that you identify in your research as they relate to the free market. Compare and contrast the laws of supply and demand of the health care industry with that of the automobile industry and explain how the economic structure of the health care industry is different from other industries. Reviewing the following media pieces may help to solidify your understanding of the economic concepts and industries relevant to this assessment.
Health Care Supply and Demand | Transcript.
Supply, Demand, & Reimbursement | Transcript.
Also, make sure to consult the scoring guide to make sure you are meeting the communication criteria and achieving at your desired rubric level.
Compare and contrast the demand of health care services with the demand of an automobile (Competency 2).
Identify the key contributing factors that determine demand of health care services.
Identify the key contributing factors that determine demand of an automobile.
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of the demand curve of these two industries.
Compare and contrast the supply of health care services with the supply of an automobile (Competency 2).
Identify the key contributing factors that determine supply of health care services.
Identify the key contributing factors that determine supply of an automobile.
Compare and contrast the similarities and differences of the supply curve of these two industries.
Explain current legislative trends that influence the supply and demand of health care (Competency 1).
Explain how Medicare and Medicaid impact supply and demand of health care services.
Discuss the impact of the uninsured population on the supply and demand of health care services.
Analyze reimbursement methods that influence the supply and demand of health care services (Competency 3).
Identify the stakeholders who pay for health care services.
Analyze the impact of different reimbursement methodologies and payment models on the supply and demand of health care services.
Write following APA style for in-text citation, quotes, and references (Competency 5).
Determine the proper application of APA formatting requirements and scholarly writing standards.
Assess the relevance and credibility of information sources.
Write clearly and logically, with correct use of spelling, grammar, punctuation, and mechanics (Competency 5).
Apply the principles of effective composition.
Determine the proper application of the rules of grammar and mechanics.
Submission Requirements
Written Communication: Prepare an assessment free of errors that detract from the overall message, with writing that is clear, precise, and scholarly. Concepts flow in a logical order.
References: Cite at least three references from peer-reviewed journals, in addition to your text.
Length: Submit 7–9 pages.
APA: Use correct APA style and formatting. You may wish to use or consult the following:
APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX].
APA Style Paper Template [DOCX].
APA Style and Format.