By incorporating a variety of rhetorical devices, Hawthorne challenges some of the fundamental beliefs of Puritan society and its influence on the future of American life.

1. Summarization: You need to introduce plot elements in Hawthorne’s novel enough to convey the argument. Provide enough detail to present a cogent (appealing to reason) articulation of the argument; however, you should avoid too many details. You will have to decide what information is necessary for you to present the author’s argument, without becoming tedious. Remember, the summary should not form the bulk of your essay; the summary is one component of your essay and it may be woven throughout the essay.
2. Analysis, Part 1: The bulk of your essay should be analysis, which consists of two parts. The first part of your analysis is to consider how the author makes the argument. You will make the rhetorical situation the focus of this section of the essay. The rhetorical situation is mainly composed of the speaker (author), audience, and subject, but you may also discuss the exigence, context, and purpose as well. In this section you should explain how each of these components affect how the novel is written.

3. Analysis, Part 2: The second part of the analysis is your judgment of the effectiveness of the author’s argument: does he persuade? Why or why not? This judgment should be mentioned in the thesis that drives the essay. That is to say, your thesis should encapsulate your analysis of the novel, both the “how” and the “how well.” You do not have to devote equal time to each part of the analysis section of this essay, but ensure both parts are present and fully developed.
4. Your essay should incorporate no fewer than three and no more than five quotations that are properly introduced, cited, integrated, and explained in terms of your argument.
5. Source Citation: You are not required to conduct any secondary research for this assignment. However, any secondary sources you consult must be cited, both in the text and on your Works Cited page. The novel must be cited correctly, regardless of whether you perform any outside research.

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