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Passage Analysis Assignment: Modes of Reasoning 1730/1770 (2022/2023)
BASIC INFORMATION: Please Read Carefully!
The purpose of this assignment is to develop and practice your reading comprehension and critical analysis skills on a slightly longer text than the short arguments you’ve worked on so far. This assignment introduces new comprehension and analytic components as well as incorporating ones we’ve covered previously. The assignment is divided into three major sections: the first one focuses on your ability to comprehend the passage; the second with its analysis and the third part are concerned with its evaluation. There is an additional non-marked step of annotating the text for purposes of your own reading comprehension.
• Worth 25% of final mark. (Value of Assignment is 55 marks)
• Due: on Eclass Dropbox (check due date in syllabus for your course/section) Feb. 6th
• Complete all 3 of the Passage Analysis Steps, as taught in class, following the model and format taught in class. Detailed Passage Analysis steps are below in this document.
• Hand in your assignment in by uploading it to the dropbox in E-class. Please use MS Word (no PDF files)
Step 0: (not marked)
READ the passage carefully and annotate the passage in the following ways:
• Draw a line separating each paragraph of the passage.
• Number each paragraph.
• Underline or highlight the main point (topic sentence) of each paragraph. Do not over highlight. Indiicate only the most main points.
• Indicate the main or central concepts by circling, underlining, highlighting.
• Highlight, circle or underline any words that you do not know the meaning of. Look these words up in the dictionary. Write the definition in the margin of the article or insert definition in body of the text.
• Put boxes around logical indicator words.
• Make notes in the margins about your response to the article; for example, your thoughts, emotional reaction, questions, confusions, interesting points, and so on.
Step 1: Comprehension (18 marks)
1. How many paragraphs are in this passage? (1 mark)
2. Write the topic sentence of each paragraph: (3 marks)
3. List any words you did not know the meaning of and look them up. Write a brief definition for each (2 marks); note any points/ideas that you found interesting or controversial (2 marks)
4. List the logical indicator words in the passage (7 marks)
5. Outline the main argument of the text: (3 marks)
Step 2: Analysis (12 marks)
1. Identify the main conclusion of the passage (1 mark)
2. Identify two concepts around which the passage turns (2 marks)
3. Formulate the main conceptual question of the passage (1 mark)
4. Explain what the author means by the two main concepts, that is, provide a detailed understanding of how the author defines these concepts using other concepts (single words or phrases) in the text (4 marks each/total of 8 marks)
Part III: Evaluation (25 marks)
1. Does the argument contain any obvious or serious fallacies? (1 mark)
2. Find one logical fallacy and challenge the fallacy using the full 5-step process taught in class (18 marks)
For Step 1, do not diagram the entire argument. You only need to diagram the premises in which the fallacy appears.
3. Overall Assessment: Looking at the entire passage, how strong do you believe the main argument is? (Is it Strong/Medium/Weak/Very weak?) (1 mark)
4. Why do you believe the argument deserves this rating? Are there ways to strengthen the argument, that is, to constructively criticize it to make it stronger? (5 marks)

Passage: “The Health Care Professions Don’t Care”
I am arguing that in truth health care professions wear the mask of love because underneath they are in fact nothing but large systems, formal structures designed to provide an economy for the people who are inside the system. If, finally you look realistically at the health care professions, they will all use the word “care.” They will talk about things like medicare and providing care for the elderly and care for disabled people and health care, that care is the basic symbol for their ministrations and that the reason they use the word “care” is because care is the manifestation of a feeling, and that feeling is love…the highest value I think that we have. Care and love are never produced by a system. It is in relationships of people and communities that care and love occur. And to steal from the community that most basic of all values and relationships, love and care, is really an ignoble activity. You see, one of the real problems, I believe, about our institutions and systems is that they increasingly have the power to so invade community and community life and the relationship of people to each other, that in fact communities grow weak as systems grow strong. So that children won’t take care of their parents because they know a system “cares” for old people better than they. Then it seems to me that the idea of society is lost.

This week, you will write a 350- to 600-word (2–3 pages) travelogue about Soweto. At the end of the course, you will draw upon this and subsequent Assignments to compile your Final Project.

Describe the geographic features of Soweto and the surrounding area. Use your own words. Imagine you are walking through the city and surrounding area. What stands out?
Select a major historical event that affected residents of Soweto. Describe it in detail. Include relevant dates.
Explain how the event affected residents of Soweto and Johannesburg.
Select one cultural expression that reflects life in the city and whether it is connected to the major historical event.
Discuss the justice or injustice of the event.
Would you have wanted to live in the city during this time period? Or be a journalist observing the event?
Include at least 2 specific references to this week’s Learning Resources.
Support your assertions by making at least two documented references to your course Resources.

IN TEXT CIATIONS

References
https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/43908/files/2820469?wrap=1

https://www.thoughtco.com/afrikaners-in-south-africa-1435512

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Miriam-Makeba

Dorothy Masuku: ‘My songs, they talk’

https://www.oldmapsonline.org/en/Johannesburg#bbox=27.8002758789063,-26.296770314954053,28.120275878906323,-26.04065175615142&q=&date_from=0&date_to=9999&scale_from=&scale_to=

https://goo.gl/maps/J6cpX5sqZPaANo8r8

https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/43908/files/2820473?wrap=1

Using the constructionist approach, evaluate the importance of children on parents, and parents on children. How is this relationship affected by structural factors?

Are children costly or beneficial for their parents? Why?

Normally in a face to face class, discussion is an important part of learning, both in small groups and in the larger class. Although we are not in a classroom, you will upload a research paper presentation to a predetermined group of approximately 5 students to provide some of your fellow classmates an opportunity to visually learn about the social issue/problem you selected to analyze, the factors that created it, the factors that influenced its evolution from a private issue to a social problem, the role of activism and social movements in reshaping the perception and treatment of this social issue/problem, the debates/controversies associated to it and its future.

PROMPT: Everyone is talking about ChatGPT, particularly in universities, where academic honesty is expected and monitored. What is ChatGPT and why you should you think hard about using it? Known as Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer, ChatGPT is now a highly celebrated AI Chatbot. It was developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022. Although oriented toward mimicking human conversations, ChatGPT performs many unexpected operations going far beyond what we call “high-risk AI.” It stores previous conversations and recalls them whenever necessary. It writes and debugs computer programs. It answers test questions, sometimes better than the average human test-taker. It composes songs and writes poems for you. It emulates a Linux system, it simulates an entire chat room, and even simulates an ATM. Nevertheless, OpenAI has not publicly disclosed the amount or the origins of the training database used—presumably internet content—it gives no credit or reference to the sources of these information. It raises copyright questions particularly in the light of its endemic use in academic content creation, and in light of its use by students in solving academic assessments. It raises ethical and legal questions of data privacy and remuneration for creators whose work is being stolen and modified by the algorithm.
In this paper you are expected to write an essay reflecting on why a student should not use ChatGPT. When writing your essay, please download and use the reflection paper template available on the course site, and use the questions below as guideposts. As you write your paper, also keep in mind this week’s readings about how our actions are being monitored in the virtual world and how such data might work against our long-term goals. Therefore, please consider the three sets of questions as listed below:

CONSEQUENTIALISM: Imagine the scenario of a nursing student who uses ChatGPT, does not get caught, and the student gets a good grade leading to a diploma, leading to a job in a hospital. Would you want to be under the care of this nurse?

MEANS: After using ChatGPT to pass some key exams, does the nursing student, who gets a job at a hospital, lends nobility to the nursing profession? After all, the use of AI in the medical field will absolve the cheating student (now a nurse), from understanding the decision that they make. Do you feel such individual has fulfilled the duties towards the patients?

VIRTUE: If you were to consider using ChatGPT, how would you feel about yourself? Is this who you want to be?

****Write on the template attached***

You must access the following article to answer the questions:

Boyle, D. K., & Thompson, S.A. (2020). CMSRNs’ continuing competence methods and perceived value of certification: A descriptive study. MEDSURG Nursing, 29(4), 229-254. https://chamberlainuniversity.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=145282314&site=eds-live&scope=site

Locate the literature review section. Summarize using your own words from one of the study/literature findings. Be sure to identify which study you are summarizing.

Discuss how the author’s review of literature (studies) supported the research purpose/problem. Share something that was interesting to you as you read through the literature review section.

Describe one strategy that you learned that would help you create a strong literature review/search for evidence. Share your thoughts on the importance of a thorough review of the literature.

Two to three pages in length, using an APA approved font and size, double spaced.

Written using well-constructed sentences and paragraphs (introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion), accurate grammar, and correct spelling.

Formatted using the references found in the APA Requirements module, to include a title page, the two- to three-page reflection paper, and a reference page. (Use what you learned about the format of APA papers in Session 4.)

Written with a thesis statement as part of the introduction paragraph as explained in Guiding the Writer and the Reader: Thesis Statement and Thesis Maps.

Course book Smith, G. T. (2011). Courage and calling: Embracing your God-given potential (Rev. ed.). InterVarsity

You will create an annotated bibliography with 4 peer reviewed emperical journal articles. Please note that the same APA rules for citations apply such as proper paraphrasing and the use of quotation marks where necessary. It is unacceptable to cut and paste from the abstract or the body of an article. Rather, the student is expected to read the article completely and appropriately paraphrase the necessary material. Refer to the following illustration to determine which material is needed for the annotation in each entry. Note there are four sections to the entry: hypothesis, methodology, conclusion, and evaluation. Be sure to include each of these sections in your annotated bibliography entries.

Table 3.1

Content of the Bill of Rights
Consisting of barely 450 words, the Bill of Rights (Amendments I through X) was intended to remedy a defect critics found in the Constitution of 1787. In September 1789, Congress proposed twelve amendments for approval by the states. As the eleventh state (three-fourths of fourteen), Virginia’s ratification in December 1791 made the Bill of Rights officially part of the Constitution. The remaining three states—Connecticut, Georgia, and Massachusetts—did not ratify until the 150th anniversary of the Bill of Rights in 1941. One amendment was never ratified. It dealt with apportionment of the House of Representatives and is now obsolete. The other amendment was not ratified until 1992—more than two hundred years after it was proposed! The Twenty-seventh Amendment—called the “lost amendment”—delays any increase in congressional salaries until a congressional election has intervened.
Amendment I Nonestablishment of religion; free exercise of religion; freedoms of speech, press, petition, and peaceable assembly
Amendment II Keep and bear arms
Amendment III No quartering of troops
Amendment IV No unreasonable searches and seizures; standards for search warrants
Amendment V Indictment by grand jury; no double jeopardy or self-incrimination; no deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; compensation for taking of private property
Amendment VI Speedy and public trial by impartial jury in state and district where crime was committed; nature and cause of accusation; confrontation of accusers; compulsory process for witnesses; assistance of counsel
Amendment VII Jury trial in certain civil cases
Amendment VIII No excessive bail or fines; no cruel and unusual punishments
Amendment IX Recognition of the existence of rights not enumerated
Amendment X Reserved powers of the states

Reflect on what you would like your future classroom to look like, sound like, and feel like. Write a reflective summary explaining your philosophy on at least 4 of the following topics: a) organization of the physical classroom environment, b) managing student behavior, c) creating a respectful, supportive learning environment, d) managing and facilitating instruction, e) promoting safety and wellness, f) interacting with colleagues, families, and others to achieve classroom goals.

Your summary should include 2 research studies that support your ideas/philosophy. You do not have to go into great detail explaining the study. You have to mention the study, and explain how its findings support your view. You must include a works cited page. This summary must be submitted using APA formatting.