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Locate two academic articles from a professional, peer-reviewed journal related to the topic of norm and criterion-referenced tests. Be sure to completely answer all questions in each prompt below. There should be two sections, one for each numerical bullet below. Separate each section in your paper with a clear heading that allows your professor to know which bullet you are addressing in that section of your paper. The essay should be 1700 words and should include proper citations for the two articles being reviewed. Follow the guidelines for APA writing style. The title page and references page do not count towards the minimum word amount for this assignment.
Summarize both professional, peer-reviewed articles by addressing the follow for each study. Repeat this sequence for each article.
What question/hypothesis was the researcher trying to answer or investigate?
Define the variables studied.
Describe the sample.
How did the researcher gather data in the study?
What were the results? How do the results affect your understanding of standardized assessments in early childhood learning enrivonments?
What did you learn about how data is used in early childhood education from this study?
Compare and contrast both studies and explain the similarities and differences.

Use the JSO Crime Mapping software to learn about crime at the St. Johns Town Center.
Visit http://www.coj.net/departments/sheriffs-office/crime-statistics.aspx
(Links to an external site.)
The link takes you to JSOs homepage.
Click on Resources
Then click on Crime Mapping
Then Accept
When the map opens, type Saint Johns Town Center in the location search box in the upper left-hand corner.
Once you have selected the St. Johns Town Center in Jacksonville, FL click GO.
Use the filters on the left side of the page to obtain information about reported crimes at the St. Johns Town Center in the previous four weeks.
Respond to all of the following questions. Your response should be approximately 500 words in length across all three questions (not 500 words per question).
1. How can law enforcement use crime mapping software?
2. How can the store owners at St. Johns Town Center use the information obtained from the crime mapping software?
3. How might shoppers be able to use the information obtained from the crime mapping software?

In some manner, people have all performed project management at various times in their lives, often without even knowing that they were doing it. Project management is performing and completing a group of activities to accomplish some specific goal. Project management can be applied to something as large and complex as putting humans on Mars to as small and simple as building a tree house in your backyard. In either situation, the projects progress through the same stages.
Think about something that you have done that fits the definition of a project, and discuss how the project progressed through the different phases of the project life cycle. Submit a 3-page paper that addresses the following:
Describe the project and how it differed from an operation.
What activities were performed that were part of following phases?
Initiating
Planning
Executing
Closing
How were the principles of project management applied to this project?
What skills and knowledge of the project manager were applied to make you successful (or were lacking, which led to failure)?
What lessons were learned in this project that could be applied to future projects?
Use this template to complete this assignment.
Submitting your assignment in APA format means, at a minimum, you will need the following:
Title page: The title should be in all capitals.
Length: 3 pages minimum
Body: This begins on the page following the title page and abstract page and must be double-spaced (be careful not to triple- or quadruple-space between paragraphs). The typeface should be 12-pt. Times Roman or 12-pt. Courier in regular black type. Do not use color, bold type, or italics, except as required for APA-level headings and references. The deliverable length of the body of your paper for this assignment is 3 pages. In-body academic citations to support your decisions and analysis are required. A variety of academic sources is encouraged.
Reference page: References that align with your in-body academic sources are listed on the final page of your paper. The references must be in APA format using appropriate spacing, hanging indent, italics, and uppercase and lowercase usage as appropriate for the type of resource used. Remember, the Reference page is not a bibliography but a further listing of the abbreviated in-body citations used in the paper. Every referenced item must have a corresponding in-body citation.

The purpose of this assignment is for you to reflect on how you are personally affected by socioeconomic status (SES). In this assignment you will put together everything youve learned in this lesson about the various factors that affect who someone is and how they become that person.
Write an autobiography, but not just any autobiography–your socioeconomic autobiography. The main idea of your autobiography is to explain how you decided to go into the field of health care and what has made you the person you are today.
Your paper should be at least 500 words in length, double-spaced, and have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. You may use your textbook and other reliable sources as references.

Tell your life story, where you came from, how you got where you are, etc. using the socioeconomic concepts covered in this lesson to explain your life.
Concepts should include the following:
Social class
Status
Lifestyle
Locations where you have lived
Opportunities and/or the lack of opportunities
Gender
Race/ethnicity
Anything else relevant to who you are
Be sure to answer these questions in your socioeconomic autobiography:
What does socioeconomic status mean to you?
What do you perceive your status to be at this time? What was the status of your family when you were a child?
How did socioeconomic status impact your educational experiences in elementary school, high school, and beyond?
How did factors of ethnicity and gender enter into your experience and life choices?
How does your experience compare to that of your siblings, your friends, or to others in the neighborhood(s) in which you grew up?
How do these socioeconomic variables contribute to who you are today?
Do you feel you would be a different person if any or all of these variables were changed?
Which variables and specific events in your life resulted in your decision to work in health care?
How can understanding the impact of SES on your personal life help you better understand the lifestyle and healthcare choices made by your patients?

write a 1500 words using the following as a format of this assignment You should organize your essay around concise thesis statements and underline your thesis statements. make sure to have at least use at least 2 scholarly publications and use the APA style with a clear evidence base analysis.

Situational crime prevention is an effective response mechanism to transnational organized crime. (Please note that this question is asked specifically with a reference to transnational organized crime as a distinct form of deviance. Do not discuss any other crimes, such as shoplifting, vandalism, etc.).

Over the last several weeks, weve considered a number of corporate responses to societal issues impacting a variety of stakeholders employees, investors, business partners, customers, the general public, government and communities among them. In some cases, the majority of the class opposed what it deemed questionable, unethical (and occasionally illegal) decisions and/or actions taken by case protagonists.
In contrast, our text (in most chapters) referenced examples of admirable citizenship behavior by other companies. This week we look at two such firms and their leaders — both recognized as having defined a new era in business during the past decade. They are Indra Nooyi, recently retired CEO of PepsiCo and Paul Polman, recently retired CEO of Unilever. Both were “pioneeres of purpose” at a time that shareholder theory still held sway.
A Harvard Business School article said this about the two of them:
“When they became CEOs, the Great Recession of 2008 was consuming the worlds attention. Many speculated about the possibility of a new depression, a collapsing stock market, and extreme unemployment. Some observers even began to question the foundations of capitalism, arguing it needed to change in order to endure.
” They (Nooyi, and Polman) recognized that business had to contribute to society in meaningful ways, not just profit from it. They believed that organizations had to benefit all stakeholders: their customers, employees, shareholders, and communities and that this approach would result in sustained increases in revenues, earnings, employment, and shareholder value. Through their leadership they encouraged other corporate leaders to embrace this multi-stakeholder approach.”
This week we examine, in the articles and videos provided, Nooyi and Polman’s ideas, leadership styles, interpretations of corporate purpose, and operational approaches to exercise it.
Before reviewing these materials, read the instructions for this week’s discussion 1 (see yellow link at bottom of the page.)
Suggestion: When reviewing the articles and videos, be sure to take notes as you go along to capture insights and quotes as well as references to key concepts covered in our course that you can incorporate in your discussion posts
Read the quotes below to get a sense of each leader, then click on the two blue titles above them to access content about Indra Nooyi and Paul Polman:
1. Case: Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo and “Performance with Purpose”
In 2006, Indra Nooyi who grew up in India where she was exposed to poverty, environmental degradation, water scarcity and social and economic inequality — become CEO of PepsiCo.
Here’s how it all came about:
Link
(Links to an external site.)
About a year and a half ago Nooyi retired as CEO, but remained as Chairman at Pepsi. Just before she retired, still in the CEO job, Nooyi gave an interview at the World Economic Forum. Looking back at the start of her tenure as PepsiCo CEO and how she endeavored to change the company, she said:
Ten years ago, as my colleagues and I were thinking about the future of our company, we saw some major changes on the horizon.
People were increasingly looking for healthier foods. Environmental issues like water scarcity and climate change were threatening ecosystems, livelihoods, and economies around the world. And the competition for the next generation of talent was becoming more intense than ever.
We had a choice to make. Continue with business as usual. Or fundamentally transform our business, turning obstacles into opportunities. We chose the latter approach, and it has propelled our company forward ever since.
Listen to the full interview with Indra Nooyi here:
(Links to an external site.)
You will notice, in the interview, Nooyi references employees, shareholders, customers and other key stakeholders all topics of recent chapter readings in reference to her efforts to fundamentally remake Pepsi. That change required rethinking the companys relationship with all key stakeholders and redefining its purpose for existing.
2. Read this brief statement by Nooyi about her Performance with Purpose” initiative at Pep
3. For more detail about Performance with Purpose and its three planks — People, Planet an
( I WILL ATTACH 2 ARTICLES)
Performance with Purpose. launched a decade ago, was a bold initiative for Nooyi as part of her strategy to transform Pepsi. She maintains it is NOT about corporate social responsibility. Rather she says its about how PepsiCo makes money in her words: its about integrating what a company can do with what the needs of a society are. Nooyi thinks all CEOs today need to rethink the relationship between business and society.
Before leaving PepsiCo, Nooyi participated at the Future of Health Summit in a conversation with Mike Milken, Chairman of the Milken Institute about how culture trumps strategy, how Nooyi disrupted and recalibrated PepsiCos culture, and, looking forward, what a CEO should be in the 21st Century. The video below captures the essence of that talk:
Link
(Links to an external site.)
(Since retiring from PepsiCo., Nooyi serves on two corporate boards, Schlumberger and Amazon, as well as the nonpartisan, nonprofit Partnership for Public Service (the goal of which is to make government more effective). Announced this week she is nominated to serve on the board of Philips. She also teaches leadership at West Point and is writing a book.)

2. Case: Paul Polman, Unilever and “Find Your Purpose”
Paul Polman describes himself as a Trojan horse who in 2008 was hired from the outside to be CEO of Unilever, Europe’s largest (but at the time struggling) food, hygiene and consumer care company. Polman described the challenge as I did not expect to be accepted. The burden was on me to be accepted. His ideas about how to turn the troubled company around — including remaking its culture — were not, however, immediately or unanimously accepted.
Shareholders, disgruntled by one of Polman’s first decisions — to stop quarterly profit reporting — got his bold advice to divest their shares. He then took his senior team to a small northern Norwegian village where the company had been founded a century before to find their roots in the long-forgotten philosophy of Sir Lever, the firm’s founder and an entrepreneur with an ahead of his time understanding of organizational purpose. The result was a movement to build purpose into every Unilever brand and into the DNA of the organization itself.
In the short video below, taped at a business conference in Europe in 2015, Polman discusses how he operationalized “purpose” at Unilever and its early results:
Link
(Links to an external site.)
Polman says a “culture of purpose” at Unilever explains it becoming one of the worlds top 500 companies — consistently recognized by Fortune as one of the most admired firms in the world, named by Boston Consulting Group as one of the 50 most innovative, admired as a global leader in human rights and workplace equality and as among the most sustainable corporations in the world. Throughout Polman’s tenure, Unilever has been impressively profitable.
In the short profile below, Harvard Business School described Paul Polman, who headed Unilever from 2008 until last year, as “a world statesman who exemplifies all the qualities CEOs require in this era.” You will hear him, in the materials below, espousing many of the key ideas covered in this class. He accomplished something few CEOs have successfully attempted — fundamentally changing the culture of one of the world’s largest corporations. The articles and videos leave no question about how Polman answers the question, “What is the purpose of the firm.”
Paul Polman HBS profile.pdf
download
Interview with Unilever CEO Polman_.pdf
download
In the first of two videos below, taped at a business conference in London shortly before his Unilever retirement, Polman argues that business cannot “be a bystander in a system that gives it permission to exist” — and warns our economic system can’t continue to function if it doesn’t change. Change is economically justified, he maintains, because the cost of not acting, is greater than the cost of acting. (You may want to listen to this lecture more than once.)
Link
(Links to an external site.)
As the video above exemplifies, while at Unilever CEO, Polman assumed a role as an advocate of purpose-driven business that stretched far beyond that single company.
In the following interview at Harvard Business School last year, Polman elaborates (quietly) to a more academic audience the importance of pursuing purpose:
Link
(Links to an external site.)
Finally, watch this impassioned 2-minute conclusion of a very recent presentation Polman made about the imperative of actually acting on one’s purpose:
Link
(Links to an external site.)
(When Polman retired from Unilever about eighteen months ago, he founded “Imagine,” a benefit corporation (B-Corp) aimed at accelerating business leadership in achieving solutions to the challenges of inequality and sustainability. He is also chair of the International Chamber of Commerce, a member of the International Business Council of the World Economic Forum, chair of the B Team, vice-chair of the UN Global Compact, and a board member of the Consumer Goods Forum. Until recently he was also chair of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development.)Indra Nooyi and Paul Polman are the same age. Both are of non-US origin. Both earned MBAs at US universities and worked most of their careers in a single industry. Both became CEOs of large, established, global corporations at about the same time and both retired at about the same time. In the interim, both transformed the firms they led with the same bold objectives to change stagnant cultures and outdated business models, instill organization purpose, vitalize stakeholder interaction, and rethink strategy operational practices and. product offerings.
Nooyi and Polman inherited organizations with similar characteristics. Both firms were short-term and shareholder focused. (Shareholder primacy was at that time the reigning corporate model). At both companies, product lines (although for different reasons) were out of step with rapidly changing consumer perceptions or preferences.
ANSWER THE DICUSSION BELOW AFTER READING CASE 1 AND 2 WITH THEIR VIDEOS AND ARTICLES.
Despite the many similarities in their situations, there were differences in the challenges Nooyi and Polman faced. Nooyi inherited a historically profitable company, but one whose fortunes derived from an unsustainable product line (dominated by sugary and salty snacks) and problematical production practices (including controversial water usage).
The board at Unilever, on the other hand, had hired Polman from the outside as CEO, recognizing it needed fresh talent to revitalize a stagnant corporate culture, long-standing, but neglected product lines and troubling financials.
To address their respective problems, both Nooyi and Polman recognized the need for comprehensive organizational change — starting with corporate culture and extending through corporate strategy (recall or revisit the Duke video about the link between them).
Access, from Discussion Materials page in the Week 6 module two cases — one on Nooyi and one on Polman. , In the articles and videos found there, Nooyi and Polman provide opinion, insight, and rich evidence of relevant ideas, concepts and practices relating to business and society covered in the Lawrence text and other required reading or viewing during this course. Here are some examples:
Ideas about a corporations relationship with society. (For example, the idea that organizations enjoy societys license to operate and the responsibility to earn it)
The importance of corporate culture and getting it right
Why purpose matters and its role at organizational, brand and personal levels
Differences between shareholder and stakeholder approaches to firm purpose
Ways purpose can be operationalized
Short versus long-term organizational focus and policies
Roles (and interactive roles) of the CEO, board, shareholders and other stakeholders
Relationships with stakeholders other than shareholders
Tri-sector (private, public and civil society) collaboration and partnerships to address societal (and organizational) challenges
For this weeks Discussion 1, you can explore any combination of these topics or others evidenced in the articles and videos — that have made a strong impression on you. The goal is not to reiterate what you read or hear, but to draw upon it to explain what you learned from them and from this class. Your post will be a thoughtful essay that involves reflecting on Nooyis and Polmans CEO (and, perhaps, pre and post) experience. (Students may have different responses to these leaders, their ideas and their CEO performance.)
Answer each of the 4 questions below, labeling them 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(Prepare your essay in a Word document, edit it for logic, flow and persuasiveness — as well as for grammar, spelling, etc. — and then paste it into the discussion thread. for your team colleagues to read.) Please respect your team (and me) by using the review function on your computer to correct spelling and grammar before submitting your post.
1. State at the outset which topics you have selected to talk about and why. (Dont try to cover all (or too many) topics as your essay will be superficial.)
2. Tell us why the topics are key course takeaway(s) for you and why.
3. Then draw from the videos and articles (citing the source each time) to exemplify, explain, demonstrate, amplify, etc. (Dont just report what one or the other leader said about your topics — but certainly, if applicable, compare their responses or behaviors, pointing out and commenting on similarities or differences between what the two CEO did, said, etc. or between them and other “protagonists” you’ve encountered in this class.
4. **To enliven subsequent discussion, discuss at the end of your essay which of the two CEOs had the strongest impression on you and why.

The research proposal will address and equitably treat each of the seven topical areas. The issues and researched material should be integrated to provide a consolidated examination of the fundamental process of research in the criminal justice field. The research proposal should contain the following technical components:
1. A cover or title page.
2. A body of text, 10 – 12 typed, double-spaced pages (2,500 to 3,000 words) in length.
3. A reference page containing a minimum of 10 course-external resources.
4. Written in APA Style.
Research Proposal Outline
The research proposal in its entirety will contain the following sections:
Chapter 1 Introduction (Unit 2)
Problem Statement
Purpose Statement
Hypothesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review (Unit 4)
Chapter 3 Methodology (Unit 5)
Target Population
Sampling
Instrument
References (Units 1-4)
Appendix A Instrument (Unit 6)

In your own words, what is utility? Can utility be measured? Can you measure your own utility? Can someone else measure your utility? Why or why not? Can social welfare be measured by adding up peoples utilities? Why or why not? If not by using utility, how can policy makers estimate the welfare of government policies?

Provide a brief summary of a “state.” How does sovereignty apply to the state? How did the Protestant Reformation (1517) effect the sovereignty of the state in Europe? How did the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) effect state sovereignty in Europe? What is the difference between a “state,” a “nation,” and a “nation-state?” Provide a brief summary of the following models for states: unitary confederate federal Read more

1.) Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Our first discussion this week will cover material from Chapters Five and Six. For this Wednesday’s discussion board due this Wednesday by 11:59 PM ) compose a post of at least 250 words based on two things: 1) In paragraph form describe what you think are the most important aspects of the colonies of the Carolinas, the Middle Colonies, and Georgia. How were they alike? How did they differ? What were their strengths and weaknesses? What did you find surprising in your reading of these colon… Read more