Describe the research question you are pursuing your final project.

Describe the research question you are pursuing your final project. When drawing a statistical conclusion, what would a potential Type I error be? A potential Type II error? Why is it important for researchers to understand these errors?
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Discuss the extent to which you agree with the Type I and Type II errors they identified, and also provide your perspective on why understanding these errors is important for researchers.

Research project:
The rise in internet addiction and media might be a survival mechanism used by our brain to maintain certainty and normalcy in abnormal times (COVID-19).

The rise in internet addiction and media might be a survival mechanism used by our brain to maintain certainty and normalcy in abnormal times (COVID-19).
Introduction
Many governments decided to impose lockdowns after the global pandemic of COVID-19 broke out, resulting in a surge in Internet usage. Most of everyday society has changed significantly because of the measures taken to avoid the pandemic. With the outbreak, those who never worked from home or were part of a group of employees were at higher risk of getting infected. People were unable to leave their homes to engage or interact with close friends and families, and some were forced to work from home due to these measures. All these changes, risks, and limitations can cause or exacerbate stress, resulting in a considerable decline in wellbeing. (Wulf, 2021).
Problem Statement
According to a study, excessive use of internet content in the face of a worldwide health disaster may be fulfilling and beneficial in obtaining passionate, informative, and peer support; nevertheless, it raises the cost of emotional wellbeing at the same time. When a pandemic or epidemic strikes, there is no one-size-fits-all solution to the situation. Adapting to standard tactics can help manage new stressors, while some people may try to build up a gloomy sense of strength.
Individuals with higher stress levels reported a propensity for excessive use of internet media in the twenty-first century. Individuals might undoubtedly move away from their gloomy feelings by using online media such as Facebook. They can decide which picture to make, which website to visit, and who to contact from this point forward. The affirmative involvement with media platforms and online meetings fosters a nearby enthusiastic clinging to the internet (Jaffar Abbas D. W., 2021)-based media usage, which makes a powerful urge to remain online for all time. The habit-forming conduct of online media clients showed a relationship with stress manifestations among youthful college-level understudies. This study looked into how people can get the correct information about the COVID-19 pandemic by using wellbeing data from online media stages.
Research question
Does nostalgic media use increased during the early 2020 lockdown, what types of media people became nostalgic about, and how nostalgic media consumption is linked to happiness and nostalgia? According to studies, entertainment media can evoke wistfulness, a mixed emotion activated by pleasant retentions that can provide a source of comfort during difficult circumstances (Wulf, 2021).
The findings suggest that media-induced nostalgia may serve as a source for some people under social stress lockdown measures. This survival technique may have positive and negative aspects (Wulf, 2021). According to supportive studies included in this study, financial difficulties, loneliness, harmful alcohol use, as well as mental ailments such as despair, anxiety, and trauma contributed to a rise in internet-based addictive behaviors during the lockdown (Nassim Masaeli, 2021)
Notably, the review zeroed in on inspecting how inordinate online media may increment worldwide psychological wellness hazards in the Coronavirus’ appearance. The review discoveries ought to comprehend the apparent connection between web-based media use and passionate injury people confronting a general wellbeing emergency because of the COVID-19. This current review offers experiences about wellbeing data considering the COVID-19 illness accessible via web-based media stages, which have instructed individuals on the best way to react to the worldwide wellbeing emergency. The discoveries’ generalizability gives accommodating knowledge and adds to the analytical writing. The outcomes may offer a venturing stone to lead upcoming exact investigations by counting different variables to close astonishing turns of events (Hussain, 2020).
Search terms:
• During the Coronavirus disease 2019, mental health and use of social networks.
• The effect of the pandemic on mental healthiness and social media.
• Social media usage influence on mental health during the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
• During the pandemic, researchers examined the correlation between nostalgic media use, escapism, and happiness.
• Popular media psychology.
• Increased internet addiction due to pandemic
Literature review
Covid illness 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak provoked individuals to confront troubling and unforeseen circumstances. Vulnerability and social removal changed individuals’ practices, affecting their sentiments, day-by-day propensities, and social connections, which are central components in human prosperity. Specifically, limitations because of the quarantine expanded sensations of sadness and uneasiness. Inside this specific situation, the utilization of computerized innovations has been prescribed to reduce pressure and nervousness and depression. However, the widespread impacts of online media utilization during pandemics should be detailed.
Indeed, as indicated by a compensatory model of Internet-related exercises, the web-based climate might be utilized to ease gloomy sentiments brought about by upsetting life conditions, notwithstanding possibly prompting adverse results (Valentina Boursier, 2020). The current study looked at whether those who were feeling severe levels of depression during the pandemic’s limited seclusion were more likely to sense restlessness, regardless of whether their depression provoked them to engage in excessive online media use. Also, the conceivably intervening impact of unnecessary online media use in the connection between saw depression and tension was tried. Members said that they spent more time per day on the internet during the pandemic than they did before the outbreak. During the Italian lockdown, 705 adults (71.5 percent women) between the ages of 20 and 73 participated in an internet-based study. Self-report measures to examine apparent sensations of forlornness, needless use of online media, and anxiousness were included in the summary (Nassim Masaeli, 2021).
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on people’s daily lives, as they modified their habits of alive, working, and progressing at family. The study of 609 parents of 9- to 14-year-olds surveys youth media consumption in this understudied age group and examines issues such as parental stress about the pandemic (Jaffar Abbas D. W., 2021). Media and innovation become a central instrument for dealing with these activities for numerous relatives simultaneously. Most parents (83.9 percent) said that their children used media more during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak than they had previously. As a result of growing use, parents described transferring purchases of family media devices, mobile phones for their children, and record-making to online media platforms. Parents were most likely to enable their children to make a video on TikTok (27%), followed by Facebook (20%) and Instagram (19%) (Jennings, 2021). On contrasting young ladies and young men, it was tracked down that all together, a more significant number of young ladies than young men made TikTok accounts.
In contrast, more young men than young ladies made Instagram, Twitter accounts, and discord. Set up examples of media use by orientation before the pandemic was kept up with. Young men kept on playing computer games, and young ladies watched recordings. Since more seasoned tweens were bound to have web-based media accounts, we noticed a flood of more youthful clients via web-based media. Similarly, parents who were more concerned about the pandemic found that their children used social media more frequently and spent more time on a desktop computer than before the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak.
Discussion
According to studies, nostalgia, a mixed emotion generated by great memories, can be caused by popular media, benefiting their wellbeing when under stress. In like manner, individuals might be particularly roused to consume sentimentality instigating media during an emergency (Wulf, 2021). One such emergency that has undoubtedly impacted the individual existence of many people all over the planet is the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. According to research, the role of nostalgic media consumption during the starting phases of the Coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in our evaluation. According to a study, nostalgic media usage has increased since the mid-2020 blockade, what sorts of media individuals used to feel nostalgic, and how nostalgic media use is linked to affluence and idealism have all increased since the mid-2020 blockade (Jennings, 2021). Members (N = 534) were given some information about their current pressure, feeling of fear toward separation, nostalgic media usage, and practice just as broken idealism in a cross-sectional board study conducted during lockdown measures in Germany in April and May 2020. Under Controlling for emotional propensity, our findings show that nostalgic media use was strongly associated with the fear of detachment, as well as with both practical and shattered idealism. Music, movies, series, and (sound) books, videogames, and personal photographs and recordings were the most used nostalgic mediums by respondents in our survey. In general, the findings show that media-induced wistfulness can be an asset in adapting to social pressure (fear of disconnection) for some people during lockdowns. This technique of dealing with callous times can have both practical and practical broken parts (Junling Gao, 2020).
Conclusion
The research shows that concern over isolation, which many people felt during the COVID-19 pandemic’s lockdown measures, is strongly linked to the use of nostalgic media. Furthermore, tenderness was strongly linked to both practical and shattered idealism. These findings show that individuals might utilize nostalgia prompting media as a survival technique to manage fears connected with social disconnection during seasons of social distances. Considering the hypothetical premises and the examination proof, we hypothesized that those encountering undeniable degrees of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely to experience uneasiness and be defectively engaged with internet-based media use, presumably; as a result, system to adapt to their feeling of melancholy. Subsequently, we investigated whether people encountering significant degrees of depression during the constrained separation for COVID-19 were more inclined to feel restless and regardless of whether their feeling of forlornness provoked inordinate, habit-forming like utilization of online media. Furthermore, the impact of excess media on the connection between apparent loneliness and anxiety was tested.
Feedback gained through the course
This class has given me a deeper understanding of not only research in depth but also opened my eyes to see and consider some very important research details such as ethics, how to ethically develop a research question and design. It was easy for me to get into the details of a research study, commenting and tearing articles apart to see what they were really saying, but when it came time to start the experiment, granted it was my first, I had a lot of questions and reading to do. It’s not easy, especially when you’re new to it. I was torn about what to experiment on. I chose a relatively new topic and struggled to find dependable, strong articles. Continuing with this subject I will do my best to move forward, despite the fact that it may be difficult. I’m curious to see where this all leads me.

Annotated Bibliography
Adrian Wong, S. H. (2020). The use of social media and online communications in times of pandemic COVID-19. doi:
This article explains how social media can be used as a professional communication tool in healthcare and public education. It has already been increasing. Many pros and cons of these platforms are much debated and presented mixed results. For the duration of the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, social media use has accelerated to the factor of turning into a ubiquitous part of current healthcare systems. As with any device in healthcare, its risks and blessings need to be carefully considered. In this text, we review social media usage in this pandemic. Most important, we will illustrate these using studies from the angle of massive medical organizations and pick out the common pitfalls.
Hussain, W. (2020). Role of social media in COVID-19 Pandemic. Retrieved from
This article portrays the Covid sickness 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has brought about a worldwide wellbeing emergency that significantly affects our view of the world and our day-to-day routines. It clarifies that the pace of infection spread does not exclusively, and transmission designs put our conviction that all is good in peril. Yet, the security estimates set up to prevent the infection from spreading likewise require social removing by shunning doing what is innately human, which is to look for solace in the organization of others. The job of various broad communications diverts and online media in lives on individual, social, and cultural levels can’t be ignored in this set of actual danger, social and actual detachment.
Jaffar Abbas, D. W. (2020). The Role of social media in the Advent of COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis Management, Mental Health Challenges and Implications. 14. doi:
This study centers on how instructing individuals through web-based media stages can assist with diminishing the psychological wellness outcomes of the COVID-19 to deal with the worldwide wellbeing emergency. It describes that the pandemic has represented a worldwide psychological wellness emergency. The data is imperative to scatter vulnerability, dread, and mental pressure to unite worldwide networks in the aggregate battle against COVID-19 illness worldwide. Mounting concentrates on indicated that perpetual Covid related newsfeeds and passing numbers significantly expanded the danger of worldwide psychological wellness issues. Online media gave positive and negative information, and the COVID-19 has come about in an overall infodemic.
Jennings, N. A. (2021). Parenting and tweens’ media use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychology of Popular Media. doi:
This article examines that everyday life was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, as individuals changed by residing, working, and advancing at home. Media and innovation became a focal instrument to deal with these exercises for various relatives. This study of 608 guardians of 9-to 13-year-olds looks at youth media use in this barely characterized age bunch and analyzes factors like orientation and parental stress over the pandemic.
Junling Gao, P. Z. (2020). Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. doi:
This exploration surveys the commonness of emotional wellbeing issues and looks at their relationship with web-based media openness. These discoveries ensnared the public authority needs to focus harder on emotional wellness issues, particularly sadness and uneasiness among everybody, and battle with infodemic while fighting during a general wellbeing crisis.
Valentina Boursier, F. G. (2020). Facing Loneliness and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Isolation: The Role of Excessive Social Media Use in a Sample of Italian Adults. doi:
This article analyzed whether people encountering significant degrees of melancholy during the constrained confinement for the COVID-19 pandemic were more inclined to feel restless regardless of whether their feeling of forlornness incited unreasonable online media use. This article found proof that apparent sensations of forlornness anticipated both unreasonable web-based media use and tension, with exorbitant web-based media utilize additionally expanding nervousness levels. These discoveries recommend that disconnection likely supported the people’s feeling of forlornness, reinforcing that it should be essential for virtual networks.

References
Adrian Wong, S. H. (2020). The use of social media and online communications in times of pandemic COVID-19. doi:
Hussain, W. (2020). Role of Social Media in COVID-19 Pandemic. Retrieved from
Jaffar Abbas, D. W. (2020). The Role of Social Media in the Advent of COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis Management, Mental Health Challenges and Implications. 14. doi:
Jennings, N. A. (2021). Parenting and tweens’ media use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychology of Popular Media. doi:
Junling Gao, P. Z. (2020). Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. doi:
Nassim Masaeli, H. F. (2021). Prevalence of Internet-based addictive behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. 39(4). doi:
Valentina Boursier, F. G. (2020). Facing Loneliness and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Isolation: The Role of Excessive Social Media Use in a Sample of Italian Adults. doi:
Wulf, T., (2021). Escaping the pandemic present: The relationship between nostalgic media use, escapism, and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychology of Popular Media. doi:

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