Explain the difference between higher and lower pleasures.

1. State the general
principle that is the basis of Utilitarianism. Be sure to cite where your
answer came from. Note that there are mild variations in the phrasing depending
on where you get your answer.

2.
State your ethical dilemma : If I hide
from my spouse that I had an affair, I will act dishonestly; but if I tell her,
she risks leaving me and the divorce will break up our family.
In this dilemma, the
values of honesty and family solidarity come into conflict because they suggest
acting in two different ways: if the husband acts according to the value of
honesty, he will confess his adultery; but if he acts according to the value of
family solidarity, he will not admit it.

3.
Explain the difference between Rule and
Act Utilitarianism.
4.
Explain the difference between higher
and lower pleasures.
5.
What are the possible courses of action
in your dilemma? This may be as simple as “do X” or “don’t do
X” or it may be a list of options.
6.
List the people who may be affected by
the different courses of action. You need not name them (e.g., it could be your
neighbors, or your classmates).
7.
For each possible course of action,
describe the extent to which each person involved is affected. I would
encourage you to use a numeric scale of your own devising. Don’t make it more
fine-grained than it needs to be. Be sure to indicate whether the pleasure is a
higher or a lower one.
8.
So, according to Utilitarianism, what
should you do? Be sure to explain your answer.

PLEASE, DETAILS EACH QUESTION BY NUMBER FOR MORE CLARITY

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