Explain why Ryle believes there is a fundamental difference between “knowing how” and “knowing that” using an example.

Clearly and concisely answer all of the following questions.

Each answer must use absolutely no more than a half, double-spaced
typed page. (Use 12 point Times New Roman with one-inch margins,
header, and footer). You will not receive credit for any part of your
answer that exceeds this space restriction.

You may simply answer the question (citing the question
number) without rephrasing it or formulating a thesis statement.

1. Explain why Ryle believes there is a fundamental difference
between “knowing how” and “knowing that” using an example.
2. Explain and illustrate Plato’s distinction between a “knack” and
a “craft.”
3. Calicles claims that “the superior should take by force what
belongs to the inferior, that the better should rule the worse and
the more worthy have a greater share than the less worthy….”
What is Socrates’s argument that the “superior” should not do
this? Be sure to state Socrates’s position and formulate at least
one of his arguments.
4. How might philosophy make a person just according to Plato?
Why is philosophy insufficient according to Aristotle?
5. State “experientialism” about what makes someone’s life go
better. In light of James’s discussion of “flow,” give reasons why
Nozick’s experience machine does or does not present a
successful counter-example to this view.
6. In light of Parfit’s discussion, distinguish between
experientialism, objective list theories, and desire-based views
of the quality of life using an example.
7. Present a counter-example to Kant’s “categorical imperative”
that one should only act in ways that one could will as a
universal law.
8. Compare Sartre and Aristotle on the extent to which we can
choose our selves. Give a reason why one or the other view
seems more likely to be correct.
9. State one way that Sartre agrees with Kant, and one way Sartre
disagrees with Kant.
10. Merleau-Ponty wrote: “What then is freedom? … there is
never determinism and never an absolute choice. I am never a
mere thing and never a bare consciousness.” Explain how this
passage disagrees with Sartre using an example.
11. Why for Young is a girl’s “throwing like a girl” a reflection
of her bodily sense of space and yet not her “feminine essence”?
12. Explain the “affective revolution” in psychology and
Railton’s objection to it.
13. Why according to Anderson is the modern workplace by
and large an authoritarian dictatorship? Why would an
“egalitarian” object to this? Why would a “republican” object to
this?
14. Why according to Crawford is work degraded or made less
meaningful when the intuitive judgments of practitioners are
replaced by mere rule following (as by a machine or in an
assembly line).
15. Why according to James should we cutback the
workweek? Is he correct? Why or why not.
16. Why according to Suits is it impossible to win a game if
you cheat?

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