In the 1790s, the Federalists and the Jeffersonian Republicans became the first political parties to develop in the United States. How did their visions of America’s future differ?

HISTORY 105Dr. Robert Young
AMERICAN HISTORY TO 1876SECOND EXAM
PART ONE:IDENTIFICATIONS
Briefly (no more than two paragraphs each) identify five of the following and discuss its significance in history: (8 points each)
1. Alien and Sedition Acts5. Louisiana Purchase
2. The War of 1812 6. The Missouri Compromise
3. Andrew Jackson 7. Nullification Crisis
4. Trail of Tears8. Seneca Falls Convention
PART TWO: ESSAYS
Write essays on two of the following threequestions. (30 points each)
1. In the 1790s, the Federalists and the Jeffersonian Republicans became the first political parties to develop in the United States. How did their visions of America’s future differ? How did they disagree regarding the Constitution, the economy, foreign policy, and the role of the national government in American life? When the Jeffersonians gained power after 1800 they tried to maintain an agrarian republic. Do you think there was a realistic chance of
the United States remaining an agricultural nation? Why or why not?
2. For centuries, whites saw themselves as “civilizers” of America, Indians being
mere “savages.” Now, however, many reverse the two images, touting Native American achievements and condemning their conquerors as practitioners of genocide. Providing specific examples, evaluate both the earlier view and the more recent one. Does either portray things accurately? How were both peoples affected by contact with the other? Can we legitimately classify one culture as better than another or are they simply different? Explain.
3. Define “Manifest Destiny” and describe how this motivated American expansion
to the Pacific Ocean. In doing so, be sure to discuss why Oregon, Texas, and California held particular importance to the growing nation, and explain how
the question of slavery disrupted any national consensus regarding expansion.
The Anglo-American dispute over Oregon was settled peacefully, yet the United States went to war with Mexico. Discuss whether or not you believe President
Polk was justified in his actions or whether he should have avoided the war.

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