The Review of literature provides the foundation for the Research Paper. This is where you provide an overview of the literature and determine the current knowledge on your research question. For example, in this section you will reveal what is known and not known about your research question, what has been done and not done to answer this question so far, and what needs to be done to answer the research question. You will describe the strengths and limitations of the existing research as well as conflicts between studies that might prevent a full understanding of the research question.
When writing your Review of Literature, group your research studies and other types of literature (reviews, theoretical articles, case studies, etc.) according to common denominators such as specific purposes, approaches, specific findings, conclusions of authors, etc. Make sure that when you are writing you weave various studies into a narrative. Don’t just list studies one after another with no rhyme or reason as to why they are appearing as they do. Your narrative should be supported by the research.
At the end of the Review of Literature, you will provide a Summary/Practical Application paragraph. In this, you will summarize major contributions of significant studies and articles related to your research question. Did you find an answer to your research question? Why or why not? You will also evaluate the current “state of the art” for the research you’ve reviewed, pointing out major methodological flaws or gaps in research, inconsistencies/conflicts in theory and findings, and direction of future study. Also, let the reader know why these findings are important or ‘practical’ to you or to your future career in health sciences.
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