Answer the following questions in paragraph form (not just simple one-word answers, answer in
complete sentences.) Each of your answers must be cited using a footnote in Chicago format from
the source of the information in your answer. You will also need a bibliography at the end of your
assignment in Chicago format listing all the sources used to answer the questions.*Use only Chicago/Turabian Documentation style. Any direct quotation, summarization
or paraphrasing must be cited/documented in Chicago/Turabian style.
*The research paper assignment must be at least 1100 words in length excluding the
questions, footnote citations and bibliography page.
1. What historic document (17th century) created a “civil body politic”?
2. What was the Magna Carta?
3. What document did American colonists, protesting the Stamp Act in 1766, claim gave them rights such as “no taxation without representation”?
4. Americans, especially by the 19th and 20th centuries, claimed what about the Magna Carta?
5. What was Thomas Paine’s Common Sense?
6. What was the influence of Common Sense?
7. What is the Declaration of Independence?
8. What are the three rights mentioned in the Declaration of Independence?
9. Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
10. Which of the following was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
11. What did Shay’s Rebellion and an economic crisis lead to?
12. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
13. What is the Supreme Law of the Land?
14. What were the 88 essays published in newspaper to support ratification of the Constitution known as? Who wrote those essays?
15. What type of government does the U.S. have?
16. What is federalism?
17. What type of economic system does the U.S. have?
18. In a representative democracy (republic), who is sovereign?
19. Under the U.S. Constitution, what has the power to declare war, conduct foreign policy, and coin currency?
20. Under the U.S. Constitution, what usually has the power to regulate local safety, schools, and grant driving licenses?
21. What is the highest court in the U.S.?
22. What does the Judicial Branch do?
23. What are the two houses of Congress?
24. How is representation in the Senate decided? How many years is the term for a senator?
25. How is representation in the House of Representatives decided? How many years is the term of a representative?
26. How many voting members does the House currently have?
27. The Constitutional Convention decided that the chief executive would be chosen by?
28. Who is the Commander-In-Chief of the U.S. military?
29. How many years is the term for a President?
30. If a President cannot serve, who is next in line?
31. If the President and Vice President cannot serve, who is next in line?
32. What is the purpose of Checks and Balances?
33. Who makes federal laws?
34. Who signs or vetoes bills to become laws?
35. What is an amendment?
36. What are the rights and responsibilities of a citizen?
37. What are the first ten amendments called?
38. After the 14th amendment, how can a person become a citizen in the U.S.?
39. What Supreme Court case established Judicial Review?
40. What did the McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) case decide?
41. In which of the following does the Constitution grant sweeping power to Congress to make laws beyond those that are explicitly enumerated in Article I?
42. What is the significance of the “necessary and proper” clause?
43. What did the Court uphold in Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)?
44. What was the Supreme Court’s decision in the Dred Scott case?
45. Which Court decision established “Separate but Equal”, which provided separate public facilities for both whites and blacks as long as they were “equal”?
46. What did the Court decide in Lochner v. New York (1905)?
47. Which Supreme Court case held that the First Amendment right to free speech doesn’t protect speech that presents a “clear and present danger?”
48. Which Supreme Court case upheld the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II?
49. What did the Supreme Court decide in Brown v. Board of Education? Which amendment allows the Court to prevent racial inequality at the state level?
50. Which of the following rights are protected in the First Amendment?
51. Which of the landmark cases involved questions over the First Amendment? (There can be more than one)
52. Which Supreme Court case held that it is unconstitutional for state officials to write an official school prayer and to encourage students to recite it?
53. In what case did the Supreme Court determine that students have the right to free speech at school as long it doesn’t disrupt school activities.
54. Which cases involved a right to privacy?
55. How did Roe v. Wade limit state’s right?
56. Which Supreme Court case invalidated a state law prohibiting the use of contraceptives on the grounds that the law violated the right to marital privacy?
57. Which case held that suspects cannot be questioned until they are informed of their rights (right to remain silent, right to an attorney, etc.)?
58. In which case did the Court, by enforcing the 6th amendment, declared that a person accused of a crime had a right to an attorney no matter how poor.
59. Which Court decision declared that speech can only be limited if it is “directed to inciting or producing imminent lawless action and is likely to incite or produce such action”?
60. Which Supreme Court case established that evidence obtained through unreasonable searches and seizures, in violation of the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments, may not be used in state courts for state law criminal prosecutions?
61. Which Supreme Court case, involving the 8th and 14th amendments considered the Constitutionality of the death penalty?
62. In which case did the Supreme Court give an ambiguous decision regarding Affirmative Action by saying that race could be a factor but that quotas were unconstitutional.
63. Which Supreme Court case held that the President cannot use executive privilege to withhold evidence that is relevant in a criminal trial?
Summarize the rulings in the following Supreme Court cases:
64. Marbury v. Madison
65. Dred Scott v. Sanford
66. Lochner v. New York
67. Miranda v. Arizona
68. Mapp v. Ohio
69. Schenck v. United States
70. Korematsu v. United States
71. Roe v. Wade
72. Brown v. Board
73. McCullough v. Maryland
74. Civil Rights Cases
75. Yick Wu v. Hopkins
76 Plessy v. Ferguson
77. Gideon v. Wainwright
78. Griswald v. Connecticut
79. Katz. v. United States
80. Brandenburg v. Ohio
81. Tinker v. Des Moines
82. New York Times v. United States
83. Gregg v. Georgia
84. Regents of University of California v. Bakke (referred to as Bakke case).
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