Explain History of stops and frisks.
What are some foundation cases?
What constitutes an individual to be stopped and seized? What actions/characteristics must an officer demonstrate for one to be stopped and seized and for that individual to have reasonable understanding that he or she is stopped and seized (examples to talk about: physical force, use of authority verbal command presence, intent for the stop).
When is a person a person free to leave (talk about voluntary encounters) and is not considered “stopped”?
When can an officer stop someone (talk about reasonable suspicion and behavioral cues of an individual, criminal history of an individual, high crime area)?
Elaborate on stopping someone when it comes to anonymous and reliable informants.
Stops and seizures during traffic stops
What is a frisk compared to a search? Compared to person or car.
What is the scope of a frisk on a person and car?
Talk about a “Michigan v Long” case (protective search of the immediate area within reach of a person being frisked)
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