Assignments:
1. Please read the following article, PP 6-12:
– Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. (1984). Upper echelons: The organization as a reflection of
its top managers. Academy of management review, 9(2), 193-206. (I attached it)
2. Please read the following article, PP 1-7, PP 17-18
– Certo, S. T., Lester, R. H., Dalton, C. M., & Dalton, D. R. (2006). Top management teams,
strategy and financial performance: A meta‐analytic examination. Journal of Management
studies, 43(4), 813-839. (I attached it)
3. Please read the following article:
https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/sites/gsb/files/publication-pdf/cgri-closer-look-36-ceo-divorce.pdf
Weekly discussion: Media, especially social media, is full of accounts where top managers are
pictured as either villains or heroes. In fact, the same CEO can be highly liked and disliked at the
same time. See, for instance, Jack Welch of General Electric and you will come across some widely
divergent opinions on him. To what extent do top managers deserve the blame and credit that they
receive? Do you think they often make a difference in organizational outcomes, as upper echelon
(UE) theory suggests? What are your thoughts on the limitations of UE theory?
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