What were the federal government’s major challenges in reconstructing the South after the Civil War during the period from 1865 to 1877?

What were the federal government’s major challenges in reconstructing the South after the Civil War during the period from 1865 to 1877? Why was the Civil Rights Bill such a revolutionary piece of lawmaking? What opposition did it face? Does its contents still influence us today?

The Civil Rights Bill (1866)
https://services.wwnorton.com/aws/pdf?file=/wwnorton.college.public/history/am-docs/civil-rights-bill.pdf
Johnson’s Veto Message (1866)
https://services.wwnorton.com/aws/pdf?file=/wwnorton.college.public/history/am-docs/johnson-veto-message.pdf (Links to an external site.)

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