This section should I have included the research question, along with a brief explanation of why the research is needed. Provide an answer as to how this will add to the current literature? In other words, how will it address a gap in the literature?
Question: Which substance use disorder treatment is most effective?
There are various distinctive methods used by medical professionals to treat substance use disorders such as: psychosocial interventions, group therapy, medication assisted treatment (MAT), inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation, and medical detoxification. Using comparative research, I will attempt to identify which treatment modality has the greatest efficacy for individuals suffering from substance use disorders
2.Compare and analyze the literature in the articles collected.
3.Compare the limitations in each of the studies you have collected.
4.A conclusion that includes how your research will add to the current field of research.
Empirical Articles
Medical Detox/ Medical Assisted Withdrawal
Das, K., Jat, M. I., Qureshi, S., Arain, T., & Haider, A. (2021). Frequency of drug detoxification treatment completers and non-completers. Professional Medical Journal, 28(4), 533–538.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the frequency of drug detoxification treatment completion. Substance abusers receiving care at the Karachi Hospital were compared in groups, completers versus non-completers. Additionally, each group was broken down by age groups, employment status, and type and frequency of substance being abused. Utilizing this research, I can compare the efficacy of this type of program to the other substance use disorder treatments.
Outpatient Rehabilitation
de Moura, A. P., e Sousa, H. F. P., Dinis, M. A. P., Ferros, L. L., Jongenelen, I., & Negreiros, J. (2021). Outpatient Drug and Alcohol Treatment Programs: Predictors of Treatment Effectiveness. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19(5), 1452.
Using cross-sectional regional design, participants were recruited from an outpatient treatment center to identify the effectiveness of the treatment they received. This study aimed to distinguish the predictors of treatment effectiveness, and abstinence from drugs and alcohol, using a biopsychosocial approach. The data, collected from these questionnaires, were administered at the outpatient facility, and will be compared to other types of substance use disorder treatments.
Medication assisted treatment (MAT)
Ma, J., Bao, YP., Wang, RJ., Su, MF. (2019). Effects of medication-assisted treatment on mortality among opioids users: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Molecular Psychiatry, 24(12), 1868–1883. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0094-5
Statistical methods of meta-analysis, using systematic review of thirty cohort studies with over 370,000 participants, were pooled in this study to assess the effects of various medication-assisted treatments (MATs). By utilizing this study for further research, the overall cause and overdose crude mortality rates (CMRs) and relative risks (RRs) by treatment status can be compared to participants not receiving MAT and/or the various other methods of treatments for substance use disorder.
Group therapy
Mokhtari MR, Alavi M, Pahlavanzadeh S, Weimand BM, Visentin D, Cleary M. (2020). Comparison of the effectiveness of a 12-step substance use recovery program on quality of life. Nursing & Health Sciences, 22(2):390-397. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31828941/
A study aimed at identifying the impact of the 12-step substance use recovery program, and its efficacy for substance use disorder. The research method used was a quasi-experimental, two group, three stage, pre-and post-test design, which collected data at baseline, one- and three-months post intervention. This research will provide the data used to compare other data from other substance use disorder programs to ascertain which program has the best results.
Psychosocial interventions
Peter E. Nathan, & Jack M. Gorman. (2015). A Guide to Treatments That Work: Vol. Fourth edition, pp. 731-762. Oxford University Press.
Using meta-analysis, and randomized control trials, this study looked to prove that cognitive-behavioral interventions are the is most effective psychosocial modality in treating substance use disorders. In addition, researchers looked to best implement these interventions in order to produce the best outcomes in patients, can be easily adopted and integrated by clinicians. To best assist in my research question, I will analyze the data, provided by the 2,340 patients receiving psychosocial intervention, and compare it to the other substance abuse treatments provided.
Inpatient rehabilitation
Wakeman, S.E., Metlay, J.P., Chang, Y., Grace, E., Herman, B.A., Rigotti, N. (2017). Inpatient Addiction Consultation for Hospitalized Patients Increases Post-Discharge Abstinence and Reduces Addiction Severity. J GEN INTERN MED 32, 909–916. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-017-4077-z
This study design utilized was a quasi-experimental evaluation of patients that received treatment at an academic medical center. The objective was to determine if inpatient addiction services that were provided to 390 high risk participants ultimately improved substance use outcomes. Using Addiction Severity Index (ASI), taken by participants 30 days after being discharged, a score was recorded. These scores, and the results from data collected in other similar research in substance use disorder treatment will be compared to see which is most effective.
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