What perspective do the authors contribute to the idea/theory you have chosen to discuss?

Prompt: You will pick an idea, concept, or theory brought up between the readings to analyze/critically discuss. Your objective for Discussion 2 is to put the authors in conversation with each other. What perspective do the authors contribute to the idea/theory you have chosen to discuss? How do the author’s ideas help you to understand further professional and technical writing/communication? In your response, include supporting evidence from at least two of the relevant readings.
Submission Guidelines
Respond to the prompt by Friday, 11:59 PM.
You must first post to see what your peers have posted.
MLA formatting for your in-text citations. Don’t include an MLA header.
Your response must be 400-500 words. In-text citations do not count towards the word count.
Type your response directly in the discussion box. Do not submit your response as an attachment.

Explain how each line-item was calculated or how each budget section was calculated (such as Personnel and Operating expenses).

This assignment asks you to anticipate and estimate total project expenses and communicate your need for funding using a line-item project budget and budget narrative, which justifies your budget. The logic model is a good place to start accounting for the resources that will be required to carry out your project, so you can use your logic model, proposal narrative and knowledge about budgets from the reading to write a budget and budget narrative.
Background: Program budgets are usually drafted and redrafted as project needs and ideas, as well as funding sources, become clearer. Your budget should reflect the activities and services that require funds; you can think in terms of two general categories: personnel and operation expenses. Your funder will want to know that you have planned for each and every expense and that you can justify the expense. Additionally, the grant writer should be prepared to amend the proposal budget upon receipt of grant funds.
While some funder’s may have specific guidelines for communicating your budget or require that you use a specific budget document, in this assignment you are asked to articulate your budget in two ways:
• A line-item budget: Use the sample line-item budget to anticipate the costs of your project. Create a line-item budget that separates costs into 1) Personnel (Which staff’s time and how much of their work scope will be spent on this grant project?) and 2) Operating expenses (What inputs in the form of material resources are needed to implement project activities? These will include office expenses, travel, project materials, and technology.) Make sure to research your anticipated expenses and prepare your budget with your audience in mind.
• A budget narrative: The budget narrative or budget justification provides your funder with a detailed explanation of your budget. Explain how each line-item was calculated or how each budget section was calculated (such as Personnel and Operating expenses). You can also use rhetorical appeals to justify your budget through an explanation of how you will augment your budget with matching funds, in-kind donations, and program efficiencies.
Please note that the budget and budget justification narrative is closely linked to the project description, and you may need to revise these sections to ensure that they match and logically follow from one another in your final proposal narrative.
625627
an hour ago
Please see the attached line-item budget document.

Sources to use:
• Line-item budget template
• Chapter 10 from “Proposal Writing: Effective Grantsmanship for Funding”
• Use additional resources as needed.

Length: one to two pages
Format: Use business letter format. Save your document as .doc or .docx, and use the following naming convention: Last Name_First Name_Budget Narrative
Submission: Go to the “Assignment Dropbox” for this assignment and submit before or by the deadline.

Discuss the ways the researchers attempted to ensure ethical human rights principles were followed along with cultural sensitivity during the collection of data.

Select a research article that has a global population as the sample. Discuss the ways the researchers attempted to ensure ethical human rights principles were followed along with cultural sensitivity during the collection of data. What are your thoughts about the degree to which the ethical principles were followed and that they were culturally sensitive to the population they were studying?
The research article that I will be discussing is Interculturalism and Informed Consent: Respecting Cultural Differences without Breaching Human Rights.
“Ethics is defined as “the branch of philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness or wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions” (Ekmekci & Arda, 2017).
The article protects the rights and well-being of individuals of different cultures and religions involved in clinical trials. The researchers used ethical frameworks and guidelines for their clinical research during data collection. “Four ethical dimensions are highlighted in these documents: intercultural perspectives to assess the risks and benefits of the research, culturally appropriate and respectful informed consent procedures, confidentiality and disclosure policies, and community and participant consultation” (Deardoff, 2001).
I feel that the ethical principles were followed and that they were culturally sensitive to the population they were studying. They were sensitive and respectful of African values and cultures. They made sure that the research was for the benefit of African people and the global population while promoting respect for individuals and communities, individual rights, fairness, equity, autonomy in decision making, safety, privacy, and confidentiality.
“The Nuremberg Code was the first document to specify the ethical principles that should guide physicians engaged in human subjects research; among other principles, it states that the “voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential” (Skolnik, 2016, pg. 85).
References:
Deardoff DK, editor. The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence. California: Sage Publications; 2001.
Ekmekci, P. E., & Arda, B. (2017). Interculturalism and Informed Consent: Respecting Cultural Differences without Breaching Human Rights. Cultura (Iasi, Romania), 14(2), 159–172.
Skolnik, R. (2016). Global Health 101 (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Classmate 2: Angela: Select a research article that has a global population as the sample. Discuss the ways the researchers attempted to ensure ethical human rights principles were followed along with cultural sensitivity during the collection of data. What are your thoughts about the degree to which the ethical principles were followed and that they were culturally sensitive to the population they were studying?
I thought using the COVID-19 pandemic was a good example of a global population sample because it’s something we have all recently been through and something that everyone (or mostly everyone) has been following. The World Health Organization brings together scientists, researchers, and other health professionals from all around the world to help control and study the effects and spread of COVID-19. (“Solidarity II” global serologic study for COVID-19, 2022) A study called Solidarity 2, is used to help gather information/surveys around the world, held by public health professionals, and academic institutions. Systematic COVID-19 testing allows us to understand how far the virus has spread, what populations are being most affected by it, and can help make decisions, such as wearing masks, and how to administer vaccines. This brings us to the area of vaccines, which has been a hot topic of controversy since the vaccine has become available. “The Solidarity Trial Vaccines (STV) is an international, multi center, multi vaccine, adaptive, shared placebo, event driven, individually randomized controlled clinical trial that aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of promising new COVID-19 vaccines.” (Solidarity Trial Vaccines , 2022) The STV is doing recruitments in a few selected sites, such as Mali, Colombia, and the Philippines. I particularly found these sites to be random, but also hold a diverse amount of people. The majority of Colombians are either European decent, or have an American Indian ancestry. (Ethnic Groups Of Colombia, n.d.) Mali, is a country found in West Africa, this country in itself has many different ethnic groups, including Mande, Bambara, Malinke, and Sarakole, many of which are indigenous people or minorities. (Ethnic Groups of Mali , 2022) The last country is the Philippines, is geographically Southeast Asia, it is culturally Euro-American. (Ethnic Groups of The Philippines , 2022) I do find that the range of the ethnic groups to be good, but I also think they should have had a broader range of countries, or even wealthier countries. In my opinion, the trial could have picked more countries to start the recruitment in. According to WHO, anyone who is over the age of 16, in a high COVID area, who hasn’t had COVID, and who has received the vaccine, can volunteer. (Solidarity Trial Vaccines , 2022)
Global research can be hard because, it’s important that we are picking the right areas to volunteer. In this case, the high cases of COVID were made a priority, and it is strictly volunteer based. They will also make sure the check the volunteer’s eligibility and their signed consent forms. (Solidarity Trial Vaccines , 2022) The participants will be followed up for a week, all the way up until at least one year. Human rights is extremely important when it comes to research such as vaccines as failure to consider then can results in harm. (Module 3: Topic 1: Human Rights in Research, 2022) Since this is obviously a very large clinical trial, WHO established an independent governance structure to ensure safety and ordinance. Specifically, the International Steering Committee, that has the Ministry of Health representative, and a representative from the National Principal Investigator, that are responsible for obtaining ethical approvals. (Solidarity Trial Vaccines , 2022)
Due to the fact they had to go to places where rates where high, I would say they were culturally appropriate. I would also say because they made sure to have signed consent, and created committees to ensure ethical considerations were applied.
Because of the already ethical considerations we consider about vaccines are a hot topic, I think it was important they did not mandate the vaccines, and followed up with those who did decide to do the trial. This ensured, for at least a year the participants were watched over just in case.
References
“Solidarity II” global serologic study for COVID-19. (2022). Retrieved from World Health Organization : https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/solidarity-2-global-serologic-study-for-covid-19
Ethnic Groups Of Colombia. (n.d.). Retrieved from World Atlas : https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/ethnic-groups-of-colombia.html
Ethnic Groups of Mali . (2022). Retrieved from World Atlas : https://www.worldatlas.com/maps/mali
Ethnic Groups of The Philippines . (2022). Retrieved from World Atlas : https://www.worldatlas.com/maps/philippines
Module 3: Topic 1: Human Rights in Research. (2022). Retrieved from Chamberlain University : https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/102944/pages/module-3-topic-1-human-rights-in-research?module_item_id=14866875
Solidarity Trial Vaccines . (2022). Retrieved from World Health Organization : https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/solidarity-trial-of-covid-19-vaccines

Do you believe the new standards that resulted from the Enron scandal to be adequate?

Regarding Enron, this was a company that resulted in the creation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and many reforms to the accounting profession. Research the company and answer the following questions.
Question 1: How did the members of the accounting firms violate the standards of integrity and credibility?
Question 2: Do you believe the new standards that resulted from the Enron scandal to be adequate?
Question 3: Name and explain two aspects of the Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002.
Question 4: Ratio Analysis. Using the 2000 Enron 10-K, calculate 2 years of the following liquidity, solvency and profitability ratios. Include your calculations and analysis for these ratios and what they tell you about the company in a minimum of 1 page.
Liquidity: Current ratio, Accounts receivable turnover
Solvency: Debt to assets ratio, Times interest earned
Profitability: Profit margin, Earnings per share
Use a citation/reference to support your answers.

What strategies (evidence based-research, mision and vision statement, benchmark, viability, conducting researchs and educational sessions,) might a professional nurse use in his/her work environment to advocate for implementation of nursing theory as a framework for quality practice?

What strategies (evidence based-research, mision and vision statement, benchmark, viability, conducting researchs and educational sessions,) might a professional
nurse use in his/her work environment to advocate for implementation of
nursing theory as a framework for quality practice?
Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources

Do some research and find some other joint ventures?

1-page paper
Biomaterial entrepreneurial venture all began as a joint venture between two agricultural and chemical giants, Cargill and the Dow Chemical Company. While these large corporations may not be the first entities one associates with entrepreneurial ventures framed by sustainability principles, in this situation they provided an incubation space for an intrapreneur (the term for an entrepreneur who starts a venture from within a large, established firm).
Do some research and find some other joint ventures? What did they provide? Are they still in business today?

What type of change(s) could be made in drug delivery with the current prescription to help relieve his pain more effectively?

Refrences must be no older than 2 years old

Mr. K. is a 62-year-old man who lives alone. He was admitted 4 days ago to an extended-care facility on his third postoperative day from a right total knee replacement for care and rehabilitation until he can safely care for himself at home. He is prescribed hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Vicodin) for pain control. The prescription reads: “Vicodin (5 mg hydrocodone; 300 mg acetaminophen) one to two tablets every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain.” He tells you that overall, his pain is not bad except when he comes back from physical therapy. Then it is “really roaring.” He also says he tries to take the drug just at that time so that he does not become addicted.
What type of pain is he having?
How will you know the severity of “really roaring” pain?
What specific type of drug is Vicodin?
What type of change(s) could be made in drug delivery with the current prescription to help relieve his pain more effectively? .
What will you tell him about his potential for addiction?
If he were to receive two Vicodin tablets every 4 hours around the clock, what would be his total dose of acetaminophen for the day?
Please answer these questions in an integrated essay that should be about 2 pages.