What role does civil society (including the middle class, religious groups, interest groups, and independent media) play in maintaining healthy democratic systems in Africa?

Assignment Question

Our textbook explains (pp. 268–9), even African countries with liberal electoral systems are plagued by charisma-based leadership, or factions that are kept in power merely due to their historical ties to past liberation movements. Additionally, opposition parties are routinely disadvantaged in these nominal democracies, unintentionally or otherwise. Is “true” multi-party democracy in the cards for Africa in the near future? How can the continent get away from its entrenched authoritarian habits? Consider that the Gambia (as an example) enjoyed multi-party democracy for 29 consecutive years following independence, only to fall to a military coup in 1994 (p. 274). Furthermore, what role does civil society (including the middle class, religious groups, interest groups, and independent media) play in maintaining healthy democratic systems in Africa?

 

Explain in writing: the dates and two sides of World War I, why World War I was unlike any previous war in history, why World War I led to the creation of new countries, and uncertainly turmoil in many countries.

Assignment Question

20th Century Ideological Conflict

Instructions given on how paper should be is in the file labeled instructions final exam and more in depth from the pdf attached concentrated on questions asked.

Pdf “World War I – Destruction & Opportunity.” explain in writing 1) the dates and two sides of World War I, 2) why World War I was unlike any previous war in history, 3) why World War I led to the creation of new countries, and uncertainly turmoil in many countries.

Pdf “First Russian Revolution 1917 – Wilson & Lenin.” explain in writing 1) how Woodrow Wilson viewed World War I as an opportunity to transform world politics and 2) how Vladimir Lenin viewed World War I as an opportunity to transform world politics.

Pdf “Second Russian Revolution 1917 – Lenin & the Bolsheviks.” explain in writing 1) three socialist political policies 2) three socialist economic policies, 3) how socialist economic policies relate to the Terror Famine and Duranty’s Pulitzer Prize

Pdf “Fascism.” explain in writing 1) why Fascism was considered progressive and appealing to many, and 2) three specific Fascist policies in Italy.

Pdf “World War II – National Socialist War.” explain in writing 1) how the war was two separate wars combined into one, 2) why the war was a racial war, 3) why the war was an ideological war, 4) who won the war and why Stalingrad and D-Day were important.

Pdf “The Postwar Years.” explain in writing 1) where, when, and why the Cold War began, 2) the experiences of Eastern European peoples, 3) how and why the U.S. supported the Chinese Nationalist Party.

Pdf “Authoritarianism & Socialism.” be able to explain in writing 1) why the U.S. supported authoritarian governments during the Cold War, 2) Thought Reform, 3) The Cultural Revoution.

pdf “Security & Surveillance.” explain in writing 1) when and why the U.S. National Security State emerged, 2) China’s emergence as a global power, and 3) when and why the U.S. Biomedical Security State emerged.