Canada’s democratic roots are as a Westminster system due to the responsible government that the Baldwin-LaFontaine administration of 1848 established as a reform movement for the government to be managed by elected citizens over colonial governors. These humble origins are the mechanical foundations of Canada’s democratic process and closely relate to Canadian values (Pilon, 2017, p. 106). However, Canada’s first-past-the-post electoral system has been under scrutiny recently, and the debate of electoral reform to boost representation is at the heart of the issue. Alternatives to the current single-member plurality have been discussed and proposed at the federal and provincial levels, but the electoral attitudes are not engaging with the public. Electoral reform is not a new idea to Canadian voters, with Ontario and British Columbia hosting referendums towards electoral reform (LeDuc, 2011, p. 553). Even so, the quality of Canada’s democracy is at stake, and change is necessary to introduce a fair voting system and boost representation in government. Proportional representation makes Canada a more representative democracy because it reflects an elected government that firmly represents Canadian’s ideologies and beliefs.
Canada’s current first-past-the-post, also known as horse racing, is a system where the candidate who wins the most votes is the winner of their riding. One person, one vote approach seems fair and democratic, but David Moscrop (2016) argues that candidates and parties can win seats in parliament without gaining the majority in Canada’s multi-party system. So, if one party wins more votes, another party can win crucial battleground ridings and attain seats in parliament (p 3). It suggests a strategic voting direction, and the current electoral system fails at its most basic level of representation to Canada’s diverse opinions. It distorts the issues that matter to voters and interferes with citizens not getting what they want. Moscrop (2016) highlights that in the 2015 federal election, with a voter turnout of 68.3 percent, 131 out of 338 candidates received a majority vote in their riding. In that same election, the Liberal Party won with only 39.5 percent of the popular vote and went on to form a majority government. This event is known as “false majority” and granted the Liberal Party control of the House of Commons (p. 4).
The Law Commission of Canada (2005) states that the Elections Canada Act is unconstitutional, in that first-past-the-post is only the voters that cast the most ballots for a candidate that won their constituency. It excludes voters that support losing candidates and places the democratic values of equality and fairness into question. This fact appears to be no different from a spoiled ballot. Furthermore, first-past-the-post breeches the parity of voting power and the number of seats won compared to the votes received and did not reflect the diversity of opinions Canada offers (p. 38). Some electoral reformists have proposed alternatives and suggested changing the system to proportional representation, where the parliament’s party seat count will effectively represent the overall vote. Those supporting the proportional representation system argue that this form of voting is more democratic and can boost voter turnout. Under proportional representation, the promise of responsible government is met by having Canadians more actively involved in the policymaking that reflects their beliefs. Proportional representation keeps politicians accountable for campaign promises and contributes to the quality of Canada’s democracy (Couture, 2014, p. 7).
Moscrop (2016) explains that Canadians will cast a ballot according to their values and principles over strategic voting in proportional representation. In first-past-the-post, voters tend to be influenced and select the party with the best likelihood to win, shifting power to the major parties. The result is a disservice to Canadians, as a sitting “out of touch” parliament is impaired by various opinions and ideas that ignore Canada’s demographic diversity. Proportional representation allows voters to choose parties and candidates that best reflect their values and ideals and elect representatives into parliament (p. 18-21). These methods boost representation in parliament according to the vote, incorporate the basic principle of citizen participation into the government, and influence policymaking.
However, Lawrence LeDuc states, proportional representation has different variations, and the most recognizable is mixed-member proportional, a system used by Germany and New Zealand and was considered by British Columbia in 2018. This structure has two ballots, first, choosing a local candidate in their local riding, decided by the first past the post winner and one preferred party. Each party’s candidates can win seats in their local ridings and gain seats based on the percentage of the popular vote it receives from the second ballot. This means if a party did not win any riding, they could still have MPs elected. This setup requires parties to get a minimum percentage of the popular vote or win a riding outright to have representative MPs. Proportional representation also means smaller parties have an easier passage to being elected and representing their constituents. It can be done by increasing the number of seats in the house of Commons or shrinking the number of local MPs to make room for candidates on the party list (p. 552-554). Liz Couture (2014) further supports that proportional representation captures an electorate’s true feelings and transfers votes into seats. The system combines various methods such as ballot designs, district sizes according to members and geographic boundaries, and finally, calculating the vote count and declaring the elected official (p. 4).
Proportional representation enables Canadians to voice their opinions and directly influence the policymaking process through their elected MPs. If a party wins one or more seats, they are directly accountable to their voters and are more inclined to propose various opinions and ideas into legislation that shape government according to Canadian values. In a proportional representation system, demographic representation is easier to achieve. The result is a more representative democracy, with citizen participation in the government as the foundation in the mechanical process of our democracy. It represents the diversity of opinions and ideas of Canada’s regional configuration and encourages parties to expand their approach to voters (Moscrop, 2016, p.16). Heather Maclvor (1999) argues that “proportional representation systems are designed to produce the greatest proportionality in translating seats into votes … creating legislature which closely mirrors the political preferences of the electorate” (p. 53). The Supreme Court of Canada considers the voting process as “a route to social development and rehabilitation,” and interprets the citizen movement as the authority to Canada’s democracy. Proportional representation elections offer moral and intellectual campaigns with politicians more willing to listen to the average Canadian to win their vote (Katz, 2011, p.601).
Since proportional representation better grasps the values and beliefs of voters, it also more effectively captures the demographic makeup of the Canadian state. With proportional representation, it ensures minorities such as women, Indigenous peoples, visible minorities, LGBTQ, and other representation mirror the legislature. It poses fewer barriers and grants authority to minority groups. These developments encourage minorities to be politically savvy and vote, but they can also inspire people to participate in the electoral process and be candidates themselves. Once elected, they become that representative official and become the government movement that directly influences policymaking and keeps the parliament accountable (Bird, 2011, p.531). This build-up is one of the core principles of democracy that encourages the value of equality, fairness, and justice that functions as a responsible representative government and contributes to the quality of Canada’s democracy. Under this system, minorities have fewer obstacles and aim to achieve demographic representation than the single-member plurality. This further demonstrates that the proportional representation system begins with fewer wasted votes that directly influence policymaking through representation and encourages democratic participation (Moscrop, 2016, p.19).
The representation of minorities in a multicultural Canada introduces a diversified set of ideas and inputs that shape legislation and aims to function as a fair voice for all in the government. This idea means parties need to address or adopt certain beliefs and ideologies that cater to a diversified platform and advocate as many voters as possible. McMaster University Professor Karen Bird (2021) suggests that Canadians desire inclusion as a representative governing democracy and are more connected to the system depending on the political rules. In a proportional representation, political parties that promote minorities in the makeup of the country’s regionalism are more likely to have a voice in parliament. This provides more control over legislation and policies that affect them and ensures that the different perspectives are represented (p.533).
However, in a proportional representation system, the structure is not perfect, considering the purpose is to promote representation. Cases can arise where a specific party wins a riding, but then other party votes, which could be numerous other voters, can be a mixture of other parties. Many different variants, such as mixed-member proportional, as discussed earlier, or ranked-choice ballot often used in party leadership races, can deter citizens from understanding the electoral mechanics. Reform is confusing to many ordinary citizens and could explain why Ontario and British Columbia did not adopt to change their voting system. Dennis Pilan (2007) argues that proportional representation is not a subject voters understand. Ordinary voters do not have thoughts on Canada’s voting systems, and the electoral process seems more of an inconvenient choir, an obligation is performed once every four years. The result is that political parties tend to institutional rules and develop policies that reflect party interests (p.61).
Canada will keep casting their vote with first-past-the-post for the foreseeable future. In any case, proportional representation has been discussed with Ontario and British Columbia, and a referendum has been held to decide on changes. Proportional representation encourages citizen participation in government and benefits from the diversity of ideas and opinions of Canada’s multicultural system. Government officials are responsible for election promises, and political parties need to diversify their platforms to win voters and express their opinions. The proportional representation portrays the ideals and beliefs of Canadians and makes Canada more democratic.
Best Writer
Final Consultant Report
Your task is to finalize
the Consultation Report Document based on any and all feedback provided to you
by the Professor. The final draft will include all appropriate items from the
past two weeks of work. You must demonstrate competence in business
communication and writing. Your final draft is expected to present as a
professional document in that it includes all pertinent information as well as
having no grammatical or spelling errors. You will write in appropriate APA
format, with the exception of the fact that you will submit a single-spaced
document. Appropriate Section and sub-headings are required. Minuim of 15 references must be included.
Are childbearing age women (P) who are obese (I) compared to those who are not obese (c) at increased risk for pre-eclampsia (0) after the 20th week of pregnancy?
-Please make sure to add these 5 articles:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7289450/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30262148/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002937819307896
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5055984/
https://ejhc.journals.ekb.eg/article_179134.html
-Also please add additional nursing journal articles that support my
PICOT question.
-My PICOT question can be found on my Individual Evidence Summary
Tool which I have also provided.
Book Report on Tattoos on the Heart
Tattoos on the Heart
12 point font, times new roman, double spaced, 1 in margins, ONLY a
title and your name (nothing else), no title page. Citations in APA
format please. PDF, doc, or docx files only please
The paper should be 7-9 FULL pages in length. The reference page does not count towards the page count.
Please make sure that you are including specific examples from the book (with page numbers)
Your prompt is the following: This book highlights many of the
injustices that are casted onto a community of folks that in many cases
are trying to improve their lives. I want to know what are things that
collectively as a community we could accomplish that could change the
outcome of these individuals lives. This can be related to prevention or
rehabilitation, or both. You can go any direction with this and
encourage you to be creative. Please include research to support your
arguments and claims. Please give detailed and specific examples of
stories and how their lives could have been different or can be
different if we take action. That action is whatever you want it to be
but please be prepared to explain how your example would make a positive
impact on that persons life.
analytical exercise on the book “A Mind for Murder: The Education of the Unabomber and the Origins of Modern Terrorism” by Alston Chase
This is an analytical exercise—not a review of Chase’s A Mind for Murder. As such, your task is to reflect on the material presented in this book in its entirety. Your essay should demonstrate comprehension of the reading, and contain a critical and thoughtful reaction to the book. Examples of how
I. Focus on an aspect of the reading that you will argue pertains to some issues or ideas have arisen in class. Does the reading support, undermine, or come into tension with previous issues or concepts? Explain why it is significant. Does this book implicate civil liberties in some way? What (if anything) does it say about terrorism and the Criminal Justice System, and its efficacy for dispensing justice in terrorism cases?
II. Focus on a particular theme or issue that was raised in the book, and give your own perspective on it. Be sure to elaborate on your position. What is your thinking based on? What are the strengths and the weaknesses of the main sides of the issue, as you see it? Does the book inform the reader about the human costs of the fight against terrorism?
Is it fair to say that first wave feminism focused too much on the public sphere?
the paper is not to exceed the 700 word limit and no outside sources can be used.
Only the provided readings and lectures can be incorperated in the essay.
Please stick to the question asked and answer them in a proper manner where you are addressing the question asked (do not ramble on about different topics and stick to answering the question).
The Economic Impact of De-Credentialing
As you continue to resolve the issue with Dr. Stein, you have just received the yearly profit and loss statement from the CFO. You are surprised to see that despite the troubles with Dr. Stein, he has attracted several new patients that require his care continuously, such that, Dr. Stein is the highest revenue producer at your hospital. This is perplexing because if Dr. Stein leaves the hospital, the economic implications of his revenues alone could mean a severe loss for the hospital.
You continue to think about strategies and approaches to resolve this conflict with Dr. Stein. However, you just received a phone call from the local news agency asking if you would be willing to make a public statement to Dr. Stein’s breaking interview about the mismanagement and poor handling of physicians at your hospital.
By Day 4
Post an explanation of how this new information might affect your legal and administrative approach to remedy this staff challenge. As a current or future healthcare administration leader, would you do anything differently? Be specific and provide examples.
By Day 6
Continue the Discussion to at least one of your colleagues and describe how the involved physician might seek to assert his or her rights. Be specific by considering legal and administrative remedies.
Explain how the O’Hodos group is a jewish sect, christianity sect, and proto-islamic sect.
Explain how the O’Hodos group is a jewish sect, christianity sect, and proto-islamic sect.
Explain the market trends (for your chosen industry): Change in consumers demands, needs, behaviours, entrance of new successful competitors, technology advancement. Statistics and supporting evidence of the problem must be provided to support the problem explained. Citations and references used in this part MUST be shown.
This report aims to help the student to analyse and critique a current Integrated Marketing Communication plan for a company of their choice, doing a market analysis and make of use academic content to analyse a company’s current IMC strategy.
Each student will choose either an Egyptian company or a Multinational company operating in the Egyptian market and choose a specific product under this company to work on. The chosen company must be B2C (Business to Consumer) and the chosen product must be used by the end-user (final consumers). An analysis for this product will be conducted using SWOT analysis (2 components: Strengths and weaknesses). The aim and objectives of this report will be explained. The chosen product must be facing a current problem in the Egyptian market such as decline in sales or low awareness levels or any other problem that needs a new IMC strategy to enhance its situation. It is not necessary to be a problem only. It can be for increasing awareness, increase brand recall or
maintain their market share. The student must get all the information required from online and credible sources to identify the current problem. Having an interview with a contact in a company is a plus. It can help students to work on recent and real case in the market. Analysis of the market/industry trend, competitor analysis and current IMC strategy will be explained as shown below. The report word count should be 2000 words equivalent, consisting of all the required information explained in the brief.
The report must include:
1- Executive Summary
The summary should include a brief background about the company and the product chosen to be studied in the report (Citations are Must). It also should summarize the recommendations of the student provided in the report to enhance the product situation in the market.
2- Product Description and its Strengths and weaknesses in the market among competitors (Citations are Must)
The student should provide a detailed analysis of the product features, designs, quality, and packaging. The pricing strategies used by the product, where it is distributed and what is their value proposition and competitive edge. Also, the student here states what are the major strengths and weaknesses of the product in the market.
3- Competitors’ Analysis (Citations are MUST) (Minimum 2 competitors in the market to be examined)
The student should state competitive products to their chosen product in terms of names, year of introducing the product in the market, availability of products, sizes and batches offered, aftersales services (If applicable), offered prices, and product features and quality. Most importantly, the communication and IMC Campaigns of the competitors.
4- Explain the market trends (for your chosen industry): Change in consumers demands, needs, behaviours, entrance of new successful competitors, technology advancement. Statistics and supporting evidence of the problem must be provided to support the problem explained. Citations and references used in this part MUST be shown.
5- Description of the Current Target Audience for the chosen product. Link it to the Egyptian market (Citations are MUST)
The target audience should be Egyptian consumers as the company is operating in the Egyptian market. The student should cover the 4 major components in describing target audience. These components are demographics, psychographics, behavioural and geographics descriptions. This part will not be graded if it is not cited and written based on credible and academic sources. The student can get information from the interview, but this is not the main credible source required.
6- State and describe their current marketing communications plan (Based on credible sources)
This part should include an analysis of the currently or previously used marketing communications tools and platforms used such as ads, sales promotions, social media ads, sponsorships, events or any other kind of promotion. This part should be inclusive and detailed as it sets the path for CW2 on how to enhance the current IMC strategy of the chosen product.
7- Critiques and recommendations by the student on the current IMC strategy
Further Recommendations
Successful candidate can demonstrate the ability to:
▪ Having an excellent writing of an academic report in terms of English, flow of ideas, punctuation, and
Grammar
▪ Academic writing skills
▪ Citations and referencing for the information in the report (APA Citations are MUST)
▪ Clear description of the product and its current problem in the market
▪ Clear presentation of the market and competitors’ analysis
▪ Report word count should be 2000 words equivalent and covers all required points and information
Additional Information
Module Learning Outcomes
Assessed
in this assignment?
LO1 LO2
1. Describe and discuss the importance of marketing communications objectives
Y 2. Analyze and critique marketing communications materials Y
LO3 LO4
3. Prepare and pitch a marketing communications campaign N
4. Design and develop a minimum of two suitable promotional material examples
N
You will find full details of how these Learning Outcomes will be assessed by this assignment in the marking rubric at the end of this brief. You should read this as it explains how submitted work achieves certain grades. It will be useful in preparing your assignment as well as in understanding your feedback.
Civic Card
In this class, you are required to do 30 points on the Civic Scorecard. You can do up to 50 more points for extra credit. For each 10 points of extra credit from the Scorecard, one percentage point will be added to your final grade for the course. Besides gaining points for class, through the work on this scorecard, you can also work towards an award recognized by iCED and Miami Dade College.
The Scorecard is a tool to guide students, professors and the Miami community through diverse action items to grow and strengthen their vital participation in the civic life of our community. There are five main categories of activity on the Scorecard: 1) Democracy and Advocacy; 2) Environment and Sustainability; 3) Community and Well-being; 4) Arts and Culture; and 5) Social Innovation.
The goal is to reach 30 PTS assignment is due on April 17th 11:59