Best Writer Assignment Question
1. Choose three or four of the direction suggestions listed in Project A and describe them in detail. 2. The literature review for Project A has been organized and is attached. However, it needs to be elaborated with other relevant literature.
Assignment Question
We talk about the composition of the atmosphere in Chapter 14. We found out that though carbon dioxide is minor gas in Earth’s atmosphere, it is a critical one because it is a greenhouse gas. In Chapter 17 of the textbook, we will explore global change and the topic of greenhouse gases. So in this assignment, I thought we could investigate the carbon dioxide record at Mauna Loa in Hawaii. By plotting the actual data collected, I hope that we get a better feel for the problem of carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere. The Mauna Loa Observatory is remote from industrial and other human-made sources of CO2. Downslope wind often transports CO2 from nearby volcanic vents. Even CO2 from vehicular traffic may disturb the measurements. The scientists at the Mauna Loa Observatory have tried to remove these types of local effects. Methods Air samples at Mauna Loa are collected continuously from air intakes at the top of four 7-m towers and one 27-m tower. Four air samples are collected each hour for the purpose of determining the CO2 concentration. Determinations of CO2 are made by using a Siemens Ultramat 3 nondispersive infrared gas analyzer with a water vapor freeze trap. This analyzer registers the concentration of CO2 in a stream of air flowing at ~0.5 L/min. Every 20 minutes, the flow is replaced by a stream of calibrating gas or “working reference gas”.
In December 1983, CO2-in-N2 calibration gases were replaced with the currently used CO2-in-air calibration gases. These calibration gases and other reference gases are compared periodically to determine the instrument sensitivity and to check for possible contamination in the air-handling system. These reference gases are themselves calibrated against specific standard gases whose CO2 concentrations are determined manometrically. Greater details about the sampling methods at Mauna Loa are given in Keeling et al. (1982). Hourly averages of atmospheric CO2 concentration, wind speed, and wind direction are plotted as a basis for selecting data for further processing. Data are selected for periods of steady hourly data to within ~0.5 parts per million by volume (ppmv); at least six consecutive hours of steady data are required to form a daily average. Mauna Loa, Hawaii, U.S.A. Barren lava field of an active volcano 19°32′ N, 155°35′ W, 3397 m above MSL Trends The Mauna Loa atmospheric CO2 measurements constitute the longest continuous record of atmospheric CO2 concentrations available in the world. The Mauna Loa site is considered one of the most favorable locations for measuring undisturbed air because possible local influences of vegetation or human activities on atmospheric CO2 concentrations are minimal and any influences from volcanic vents may be excluded from the records. The methods and equipment used to obtain these measurements have remained essentially unchanged during the 43-year monitoring program. Because of the favorable site location, continuous monitoring, and careful selection and scrutiny of the data, the Mauna Loa record is considered to be a precise record and a reliable indicator of the regional trend in the concentrations of atmospheric CO2 in the middle layers of the troposphere. Year Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual Annual-Fit 1985 344.97 346.00 347.43 348.35 348.93 348.25 346.56 344.69 343.09 342.80 344.24 345.56 345.91 345.87 1986 346.29 346.96 347.86 349.55 350.21 349.54 347.94 345.91 344.86 344.17 345.66 346.90 347.15 347.14 1987 348.02 348.47 349.42 350.99 351.84 351.25 349.52 348.11 346.44 346.36 347.81 348.96 348.93 348.99 1988 350.43 351.72 352.22 353.59 354.22 353.79 352.39 350.44 348.72 348.88 350.07 351.34 351.48 351.44 1989 352.76 353.07 353.68 355.42 355.67 355.13 353.90 351.67 349.80 349.99 351.30 352.53 352.91 352.94 1990 353.66 354.70 355.39 356.20 357.16 356.22 354.82 352.91 350.96 351.18 352.83 354.21 354.19 354.19 1991 354.72 355.75 357.16 358.60 359.33 358.24 356.18 354.03 352.16 352.21 353.75 354.99 355.59 355.62 1992 355.98 356.72 357.81 359.15 359.66 359.25 357.03 355.00 353.01 353.31 354.16 355.40 356.37 356.36 1993 356.70 357.16 358.38 359.46 360.28 359.59 357.58 355.52 353.70 353.98 355.33 356.80 357.04 357.10 1994 358.36 358.91 359.97 361.27 361.68 360.94 359.55 357.49 355.84 355.99 357.58 359.04 358.89 358.86 1995 359.96 361.00 361.64 363.45 363.79 363.26 361.90 359.46 358.06 357.75 359.56 360.70 360.88 360.90 1996 362.05 363.25 364.02 364.72 365.41 364.97 363.65 361.49 359.46 359.60 360.76 362.33 362.64 362.58 1997 363.18 364.00 364.56 366.36 366.80 365.62 364.47 362.51 360.19 360.77 362.43 364.28 363.76 363.84 1998 365.32 366.15 367.31 368.61 369.30 368.87 367.64 365.77 363.90 364.23 365.46 366.97 366.63 366.58 1999 368.15 368.86 369.58 371.12 370.97 370.32 369.25 366.91 364.60 365.09 366.63 367.96 368.29 368.28 2000 369.08 369.40 370.45 371.59 371.75 371.62 370.04 368.04 366.53 366.63 368.20 369.43 369.40 369.40 2001 370.76 371.69372.63 373.55 374.03373.40 371.68 369.78 368.34 368.61 369.94 371.42 2002 372.70 373.37374.30 375.19 375.93375.69 374.16 372.03 370.92 370.73 372.43 373.98 2003 375.07 375.82376.64 377.92 378.78378.46 376.88 374.57 373.34 373.31 374.84 376.17 2004 377.17 378.05379.06 380.54 380.80 379.87 377.65 376.17 374.43 374.63 376.33 377.68 2005 378.63 379.91380.95 382.48 382.64382.40 380.93 378.93376.89 377.19 378.54 380.31 2006 381.58 382.40382.86 384.80 385.22384.24 382.65 380.60379.04 379.33 380.35 382.02 2007 383.10 384.12384.81 386.73 386.78386.33 384.73 382.24381.20 381.37 382.70 384.19 2008 385.78 386.06386.28 387.33 388.78387.99 386.61 384.32383.41 383.21 384.41 385.79 2009 387.17 387.70 389.04 389.76 390.36389.70 388.24 386.29384.95 384.64 386.23387.63 2010 388.91 390.41391.37 392.67 393.21392.38 390.41 388.54387.03 387.43 388.87389.99
Activity #1: I have randomly selected six measurements collected at the Mauna Loa sampling site between 1996 and 2003 and highlighted the data in cyan blue. Plot the six points on the given graph below in blue ink or blue pencil. Make sure that you plot both the year and the month correctly. To hand in eventually you will need to scan the graph or use your phone to take a photo of the graph to paste into your handed in report. Based on your data, is CO2 increasing or decreasing? Determine the rate of increase/decrease by calculating the slope of the single best fit line (remember back to high school science that slope=ΔY/ΔX or change in y-variable (CO2 concentration) divided by change in x-variable, time) that best passes through your six data points. Remember to show your units in your slope calculation. Also make sure you show the graphed points in your turned in assignment. You can take a photo of your graph with your phone and email it to yourself and then copy and paste it in the Word document.
Activity #2: The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is a concern because of it being an important greenhouse gas. High concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contribute to global warming. How many years will it take for the CO2 concentration to double its 2003 content of ~376 ppmV (hint: you calculated the slope of the line in activity 1)?
Activity #3: I have highlighted six more measurements in red this time for the single year of 1998. Plot these six data points on your graph above. Does this extra detail in a single year change your interpretation? What new detail is added to the relationship when the yearly data is plotted? Why might CO2 vary throughout an individual year? Maybe think about photosynthesis by plants where CO2 and H2O are converted into sugars and oxygen.
Activity #4: Below in the graph is some of the most recent CO2 data from Mauna Loa. Are CO2 levels higher or lower than those from the last part of the previous table? For up to date CO2 values visit the web site https://climate.nasa.gov/. What CO2 value does the NASA site currently report? What is one aspect of global warming that concerns you most?
Assignment Question
Discuss how Technology has changed our world today.
Well-developed research paper on a current topic using MLA format of at least 2 pages in length, not including the title page and works cited page. The paper should be in 12-point font in Times New Roman following MLA format.
Assignment Question
Write a paper discussing about happiness and own life experience. 4 pages
Research Report – Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of restorative justice
Assignment Question
Marx argues that the rise of class solidarity removes the risk from investing significant power in a centralized state; because the bureaucrats and the workers belong to the same party and class, they share interests. Both Kropotkin and Hayek, in different ways, argue against the administrative state.
Should the state be invested with greater power in Western governments? Should state power be pulled back? Or are we at the correct balance? Why?
Answer in 1500-2000 words. SOURCES: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1900/communism-anarchy.htm https://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2012/05/the-1956-preface-to-friedrich-von-hayeks-the-road-to-serfdom.html
Assignment Question
Research and share recent news articles (MUST BE WITHIN THE PAST MONTH) about state and local government actions in a state other than New York. Then, compare and contrast those policies with similar policies in New York. How do these policies impact citizens differently? What can we learn from these comparisons about the role of state and local governments in shaping policy?
Assignment Question
PROJECT GUIDELINES
The topic you will be exploring is this question: How has the diffusion of Sapporo occurred in America? There is also a presentation I have already created its only pictures but it tells the story of how/when Sapporo first got to America, who brought it over and then how it spread through America and became so popular in the many restaurants around America and specifically in Tucson as the presentation shows. The essay you are writing is essentially the presentation explained. Then of course just make sure to follow/include each guideline below. It is crucial that the essay relates to the presentation which is attached in the files. This is your opportunity to select a topic of interest to you and to explore it in depth.The general guidelines for the selection of your topic are that · it should be relevant to the themes and incorporate concepts that we have covered · it should be focused and connected to place(s) and/or the processes connecting places; · it can not replicate what we have covered in class, although you are welcome to choose to engage more deeply with any of the topics we have discussed or explore how these processes play out in other places. You do NOT need to focus on beer – you can select another beverage (e.g., climate change and tea, the globalization of vodka, etc.) or choose to explore another theme we have focused on (e.g., the role of food trucks in gentrification). You should go beyond replicating the beverage portfolios (in other words, if you explore a beverage, you should have a theme).
NO PROJECTS ON COFFEE. · At the top, provide a one-sentence summary of your proposed topic. Put this statement in bold and underline any key terms (including the place(s) you intend to focus on). · Next, provide a statement of why this is of interest to you. · Write a two to three paragraph overview of the question you’re exploring. Include an explanation of how this fits into the course. · What, if anything, do you hope to find out? · Provide a list of at least 4-6 preliminary sources. At least two of these must be scholarly sources, but these may include archives and data banks as well as popular sources and websites. For each source, write a sentence or two explaining why you selected it. · Briefly (a sentence is enough) explain how you intend to present this project – options include but are not limited to a traditional academic paper (1500-1800 words – 6-8 pages), a website, an art project or presentation, a screenplay ….. If you are doing anything other than a traditional academic paper, you will be asked to write a short accompanying essay explaining how your project represents the information you gathered and analyzed. 1500-1800 words if in essay format (not including citations, etc.) at least 3 scholarly sources, at least 6 total sources APA, Chicago, or MLA format, include in-text citations and footnotes and complete bibliography be sure to proofread, focus your question and provide support for your analysis and arguments, and tie into the course; use images and maps as appropriate; data tables are often a useful complement to the text
Assignment Question
The National Cybersecurity Strategy March 2023 provides a comprehensive and coordinated plan to address the growing threats to the United States’ digital ecosystem. It aims to shift the burden of cybersecurity away from individuals, small businesses, and local governments and onto the organizations that are most capable of reducing risks for everyone. The strategy seeks to build and enhance collaboration around five pillars: defending critical infrastructure, disrupting and dismantling threat actors, shaping market forces to drive security and resilience, investing in a resilient future, and forging international partnerships to pursue shared goals. Its implementation will protect investments in rebuilding America’s infrastructure, developing clean energy, and reshoring America’s technology and manufacturing base.
https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/National-Cybersecurity-Strategy-2023.pdf
For this assignment, you are required to analyze the National Cybersecurity Strategy March 2023 and write a 4-page paper, double-spaced, with a focus on one of the five pillars of the strategy.
Instructions: General Review: Write a page general review of the National Cybersecurity Strategy March 2023. Chosen Pillar Review: Select one of the five pillars from the strategy and write a two-page review of it.
Requirements: The assignment should be 4 pages double-spaced, excluding the title page and references page. Use APA, MLA or IEEE citation style to cite sources in the text and on the references page.
Assignment Question
Compare and contrast Dr. Daniel Siegel’s Video see below for the interpersonal neurobiology with the NVC book. https://video-alexanderstreet-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/watch/clinical-implications-and-applications-of-neuroplasticity?context=channel:academic-video-online
You may choose only to compare or contrast, or both. Note that a compare and contrast paper is not a summary nor an essay, thus, do not make a summarize. Also, do not use a big quote as this will be to the detriment of your grade. This paper has to be submitted in APA style.
Remember that your paper has to be written with supporting facts that can be verified. Avoid making claims such as “this is true.” Say instead something like “it can be suggested,” “the author explains.” It is important that you give a suggestion/s of how new research can shed new information. This has to be mentioned in your conclusion.
Find two to three peer-review scientific articles to support your work. Note: This is not a summary or essay, it is a research paper. Remember that it has to be an original work. -Times Roman font -Use 12 letter size -Double-space