The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is a concern because of it being an important greenhouse gas. High concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contribute to global warming. How many years will it take for the CO2 concentration to double its 2003 content of ~376 ppmV (hint: you calculated the slope of the line in activity 1)?

Assignment Question

We talk about the composition of the atmosphere in Chapter 14. We found out that though carbon dioxide is minor gas in Earth’s atmosphere, it is a critical one because it is a greenhouse gas. In Chapter 17 of the textbook, we will explore global change and the topic of greenhouse gases. So in this assignment, I thought we could investigate the carbon dioxide record at Mauna Loa in Hawaii. By plotting the actual data collected, I hope that we get a better feel for the problem of carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere. The Mauna Loa Observatory is remote from industrial and other human-made sources of CO2. Downslope wind often transports CO2 from nearby volcanic vents. Even CO2 from vehicular traffic may disturb the measurements. The scientists at the Mauna Loa Observatory have tried to remove these types of local effects. Methods Air samples at Mauna Loa are collected continuously from air intakes at the top of four 7-m towers and one 27-m tower. Four air samples are collected each hour for the purpose of determining the CO2 concentration. Determinations of CO2 are made by using a Siemens Ultramat 3 nondispersive infrared gas analyzer with a water vapor freeze trap. This analyzer registers the concentration of CO2 in a stream of air flowing at ~0.5 L/min. Every 20 minutes, the flow is replaced by a stream of calibrating gas or “working reference gas”.

In December 1983, CO2-in-N2 calibration gases were replaced with the currently used CO2-in-air calibration gases. These calibration gases and other reference gases are compared periodically to determine the instrument sensitivity and to check for possible contamination in the air-handling system. These reference gases are themselves calibrated against specific standard gases whose CO2 concentrations are determined manometrically. Greater details about the sampling methods at Mauna Loa are given in Keeling et al. (1982). Hourly averages of atmospheric CO2 concentration, wind speed, and wind direction are plotted as a basis for selecting data for further processing. Data are selected for periods of steady hourly data to within ~0.5 parts per million by volume (ppmv); at least six consecutive hours of steady data are required to form a daily average. Mauna Loa, Hawaii, U.S.A. Barren lava field of an active volcano 19°32′ N, 155°35′ W, 3397 m above MSL Trends The Mauna Loa atmospheric CO2 measurements constitute the longest continuous record of atmospheric CO2 concentrations available in the world. The Mauna Loa site is considered one of the most favorable locations for measuring undisturbed air because possible local influences of vegetation or human activities on atmospheric CO2 concentrations are minimal and any influences from volcanic vents may be excluded from the records. The methods and equipment used to obtain these measurements have remained essentially unchanged during the 43-year monitoring program. Because of the favorable site location, continuous monitoring, and careful selection and scrutiny of the data, the Mauna Loa record is considered to be a precise record and a reliable indicator of the regional trend in the concentrations of atmospheric CO2 in the middle layers of the troposphere. Year Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Annual Annual-Fit 1985 344.97 346.00 347.43 348.35 348.93 348.25 346.56 344.69 343.09 342.80 344.24 345.56 345.91 345.87 1986 346.29 346.96 347.86 349.55 350.21 349.54 347.94 345.91 344.86 344.17 345.66 346.90 347.15 347.14 1987 348.02 348.47 349.42 350.99 351.84 351.25 349.52 348.11 346.44 346.36 347.81 348.96 348.93 348.99 1988 350.43 351.72 352.22 353.59 354.22 353.79 352.39 350.44 348.72 348.88 350.07 351.34 351.48 351.44 1989 352.76 353.07 353.68 355.42 355.67 355.13 353.90 351.67 349.80 349.99 351.30 352.53 352.91 352.94 1990 353.66 354.70 355.39 356.20 357.16 356.22 354.82 352.91 350.96 351.18 352.83 354.21 354.19 354.19 1991 354.72 355.75 357.16 358.60 359.33 358.24 356.18 354.03 352.16 352.21 353.75 354.99 355.59 355.62 1992 355.98 356.72 357.81 359.15 359.66 359.25 357.03 355.00 353.01 353.31 354.16 355.40 356.37 356.36 1993 356.70 357.16 358.38 359.46 360.28 359.59 357.58 355.52 353.70 353.98 355.33 356.80 357.04 357.10 1994 358.36 358.91 359.97 361.27 361.68 360.94 359.55 357.49 355.84 355.99 357.58 359.04 358.89 358.86 1995 359.96 361.00 361.64 363.45 363.79 363.26 361.90 359.46 358.06 357.75 359.56 360.70 360.88 360.90 1996 362.05 363.25 364.02 364.72 365.41 364.97 363.65 361.49 359.46 359.60 360.76 362.33 362.64 362.58 1997 363.18 364.00 364.56 366.36 366.80 365.62 364.47 362.51 360.19 360.77 362.43 364.28 363.76 363.84 1998 365.32 366.15 367.31 368.61 369.30 368.87 367.64 365.77 363.90 364.23 365.46 366.97 366.63 366.58 1999 368.15 368.86 369.58 371.12 370.97 370.32 369.25 366.91 364.60 365.09 366.63 367.96 368.29 368.28 2000 369.08 369.40 370.45 371.59 371.75 371.62 370.04 368.04 366.53 366.63 368.20 369.43 369.40 369.40 2001 370.76 371.69372.63 373.55 374.03373.40 371.68 369.78 368.34 368.61 369.94 371.42 2002 372.70 373.37374.30 375.19 375.93375.69 374.16 372.03 370.92 370.73 372.43 373.98 2003 375.07 375.82376.64 377.92 378.78378.46 376.88 374.57 373.34 373.31 374.84 376.17 2004 377.17 378.05379.06 380.54 380.80 379.87 377.65 376.17 374.43 374.63 376.33 377.68 2005 378.63 379.91380.95 382.48 382.64382.40 380.93 378.93376.89 377.19 378.54 380.31 2006 381.58 382.40382.86 384.80 385.22384.24 382.65 380.60379.04 379.33 380.35 382.02 2007 383.10 384.12384.81 386.73 386.78386.33 384.73 382.24381.20 381.37 382.70 384.19 2008 385.78 386.06386.28 387.33 388.78387.99 386.61 384.32383.41 383.21 384.41 385.79 2009 387.17 387.70 389.04 389.76 390.36389.70 388.24 386.29384.95 384.64 386.23387.63 2010 388.91 390.41391.37 392.67 393.21392.38 390.41 388.54387.03 387.43 388.87389.99

Activity #1: I have randomly selected six measurements collected at the Mauna Loa sampling site between 1996 and 2003 and highlighted the data in cyan blue. Plot the six points on the given graph below in blue ink or blue pencil. Make sure that you plot both the year and the month correctly. To hand in eventually you will need to scan the graph or use your phone to take a photo of the graph to paste into your handed in report. Based on your data, is CO2 increasing or decreasing? Determine the rate of increase/decrease by calculating the slope of the single best fit line (remember back to high school science that slope=ΔY/ΔX or change in y-variable (CO2 concentration) divided by change in x-variable, time) that best passes through your six data points. Remember to show your units in your slope calculation. Also make sure you show the graphed points in your turned in assignment. You can take a photo of your graph with your phone and email it to yourself and then copy and paste it in the Word document.

Activity #2: The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is a concern because of it being an important greenhouse gas. High concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contribute to global warming. How many years will it take for the CO2 concentration to double its 2003 content of ~376 ppmV (hint: you calculated the slope of the line in activity 1)?

Activity #3: I have highlighted six more measurements in red this time for the single year of 1998. Plot these six data points on your graph above. Does this extra detail in a single year change your interpretation? What new detail is added to the relationship when the yearly data is plotted? Why might CO2 vary throughout an individual year? Maybe think about photosynthesis by plants where CO2 and H2O are converted into sugars and oxygen.

Activity #4: Below in the graph is some of the most recent CO2 data from Mauna Loa. Are CO2 levels higher or lower than those from the last part of the previous table? For up to date CO2 values visit the web site https://climate.nasa.gov/. What CO2 value does the NASA site currently report? What is one aspect of global warming that concerns you most?

Should the state be invested with greater power in Western governments? Should state power be pulled back?

Assignment Question

Marx argues that the rise of class solidarity removes the risk from investing significant power in a centralized state; because the bureaucrats and the workers belong to the same party and class, they share interests. Both Kropotkin and Hayek, in different ways, argue against the administrative state.

Should the state be invested with greater power in Western governments? Should state power be pulled back? Or are we at the correct balance? Why?

Answer in 1500-2000 words. SOURCES: https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/kropotkin-peter/1900/communism-anarchy.htm https://delong.typepad.com/sdj/2012/05/the-1956-preface-to-friedrich-von-hayeks-the-road-to-serfdom.html

Compare and contrast Dr. Daniel Siegel’s Video see below for the interpersonal neurobiology with the NVC book.

Assignment Question

Compare and contrast Dr. Daniel Siegel’s Video see below for the interpersonal neurobiology with the NVC book. https://video-alexanderstreet-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/watch/clinical-implications-and-applications-of-neuroplasticity?context=channel:academic-video-online

You may choose only to compare or contrast, or both. Note that a compare and contrast paper is not a summary nor an essay, thus, do not make a summarize. Also, do not use a big quote as this will be to the detriment of your grade. This paper has to be submitted in APA style.

Remember that your paper has to be written with supporting facts that can be verified. Avoid making claims such as “this is true.” Say instead something like “it can be suggested,” “the author explains.” It is important that you give a suggestion/s of how new research can shed new information. This has to be mentioned in your conclusion.

Find two to three peer-review scientific articles to support your work. Note: This is not a summary or essay, it is a research paper. Remember that it has to be an original work. -Times Roman font -Use 12 letter size -Double-space

What differences or diversities that we examined in class

Assignment Question

Last time you completed part 1 for me. Now complete part 2. Look at files below. CONTINUE AFTER WHERE YOU DID PART 1 FOR ME. DO PART 2 Part 2 – Differences that make a difference  In the whole school, how did some of the diversities we have discussed (i.e., gender, social class, race, English language learners, special needs students) seem to correlate with students’ achievement (as measured by assessments, both informal and formal, including standardized test scores, when appropriate?).

While you can mention many of these issues briefly, please choose ONE to focus on for this paper. What differences or diversities that we examined in class (i.e., gender, social class, race, English language learners, special needs students) did you observe to be present in the classroom? Use your field notes for evidence. How are families and communities included (or not) in the classroom? What efforts are made by the teacher? The school? How successful are they? Why or why not? Could you see and describe ways these diversities are (or are not) addressed by the school? The teacher? Did you see any evidence that some opportunities for learning were missed? Describe. Times New Roman Size 12 Double Spaced

Describe setting, number of children, ages of children, time of day and any other relevant information. Describe the overall lesson with the children.

Assignment Question

LESSON PLAN IMPLEMENTATION & REFLECTION (20 points)

Put your lesson plan in place with at least one child. The child could be someone you know if there are three other children NOT related to you in any way.

After you implement your lesson plan, write a one- page reflection with the following requirements: Describe setting, number of children, ages of children, time of day and any other relevant information. Describe the overall lesson with the children. How did it go? Did it go well? What went well? What would you change, why? Were they at the expected age of math knowledge? How do you know?

Remember to include the theorists and big ideas we have discussed in class as you analyze and reflect on your experience.

What have you learned about self-change and positive psychology? What would you do differently if you had the chance to do it again? Why?

Assignment Question

Procrastination

Part I: The Self-Improvement Project

You should write this up in the form of an empirical psychology paper. Use APA to format your paper and cite your sources. Refer to the APA Guidelines in the Course Information for information on APA. Be sure to include the following sections in your paper:

Introduction: Why did you decide to change what you (hopefully) changed? What factors facilitated and impeded this change?

Methods: explain how you went about changing yourself. What techniques did you use?

Results: What happened? You must present evidence here beyond your own impressions. A narrative addressing your successes and failures, reports from friends and family on the changes you made, etc. would be appropriate.

For example: unsolicited comments such as, “Hey, you’re smiling so much more these past few weeks. What’s your secret?”), objective health indicators (e.g., fewer sick days used), and behavioral measures are all appropriate.

Discussion: What have you learned about self-change and positive psychology? What would you do differently if you had the chance to do it again? Why? You might talk about your strengths and weaknesses, difficulties of changing one’s self, the importance of recognizing your ideal self as an evolving and developing individual.

Part II: Your Ideal Future, or Future Self

The focus of positive psychology is to help you think clearly about who you are and what you want, or should want. People often fall into traps and pursue goals that leave themselves worse off, even when they are successful. We began the term with an activity addressing our strengths and weaknesses, and throughout the term we considered a variety of aspects of happiness, virtue, and personal growth. Now that we are at the end of this course, you should know a lot more about yourself, your strengths and weaknesses, what makes you happy, what you want for your future, and how you want to change your future self. In this part of the final paper, sketch out a vision of your future life, or future self. Drawing on many of the readings for the semester, explain why this life would be a pleasant life, a good life, or a meaningful life. Talk about what growth would mean for you and the means by which you hope to grow into your future self. Talk about limits and obstacles as well as about facilitators.

Here are some general comments about the final paper The most important thing about this paper is to show me that you have learned to think like a positive psychologist. Be sure to draw on many of the readings and ideas that came up in class discussions. minimum of 4 double-spaced pages for the main text. Appendices, such as charts of progress or daily data recording sheets, should be included in addition.  At least one (1) reference (not including your textbook or in-course readings) must be included. You should use first person throughout; this is of course a very personal paper in both parts.

Describe the circumstance you needed to act on.  Action – Describe the action you took. Why did you choose this action?

Assignment Question

This is a Professional Review (PR) report submit to CIOB. The basic procedure for your reference: 1. Submit the self assessment of the PR to UCEM 2. Wait approval by UCEM 3. Kick start the competency (total 14 competencies) 4. Submit to UCEM for final review (if no further comment, they will submit to CIOB directly) What you need to do: 1. Complete the self assessment for UCEM’s review 2. Wait approval by UCEM 3. Once approval by UCEM, complete competency (total 14 competencies, full of content without gap, approx. 700words x 14 competencies, writing by CARL# format) #CARL: Use the CARL format:  Circumstance – Describe the circumstance you needed to act on.  Action – Describe the action you took. Why did you choose this action?  Result – Evaluate the result of your action/decision including the positives and negatives.  Learning – Outline any learning you took from this experience

Write an essay on the topic of intergenerational communication from a hospitality standpoint, based on the principles contained in the book ReGenerations by J. Stolling.

Assignment Question

Use appropriate evidence from multiple sources to illustrate how a chosen topic is relevant to a particular field. Convey ideas clearly, coherently, and effectively for a particular purpose, occasion, or audience representative as appropriate for the field.

Students will write an essay on the topic of intergenerational communication from a hospitality standpoint, based on the principles contained in the book ReGenerations by J. Stolling.

This report must be at least 2500 words in length, and must contain 8 scholarly references (references from websites or Wikipedia are not acceptable.)  APA style with a title page, abstract, body and reference page (-4 points per element missing)

Describe how the theory you selected can be used to guide the processes of assessment, intervention, and evaluation. Explain how the theory guides social work practice both with individuals and families.

Assignment Question

Week 10 Assignment: Integrating Theory Into Professional Practice Week 10 Assignment: Integrating Theory

For this assignment, you will draw on the work you did in previous assignments for week 3 and 6 and integrate all you have learned into a clear and concise application of your chosen theory to the particular case of Joe the King. As with all assignments, it is vital to support the application of your chosen theory with scholarly research.

For this assignment you should: Describe how the theory you selected can be used to guide the processes of assessment, intervention, and evaluation. Explain how the theory guides social work practice both with individuals and families. Integrate multiple sources of knowledge, including research-based knowledge and practice wisdom. Critique and apply knowledge to understand person and environment. Provide documented examples that support the application of your chosen theory to this particular case study.

Additional Requirements The assignment you submit is expected to meet the following requirements: Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message. APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to current APA style and formatting. Number of resources: Minimum of three scholarly sources. All literature cited should be current, with publication dates within the past five years. Length of paper: Minimum of four typed, double-spaced, typed pages. Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.